在南达科他州的一个作物-牲畜综合系统中展示放牧和覆盖作物对土壤健康和经济效益的短期影响

Colin T. Tobin, Shikha Singh, Sandeep Kumar, Tong Wang, P. Sexton
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引用次数: 13

摘要

作物-牲畜综合系统(ICLS)是一种替代方案,可以帮助加强粮食生产,同时有益于环境。然而,在南达科他州,ICLS对土壤的影响和相对于特定环境的经济效益的评估仍然缺乏。本研究旨在评价玉米(Zea mays L.)-大豆(Glycine max L.)-黑麦(Secale谷类L.)轮作下ICLS对土壤健康和经济效益的影响。2015-2016年在黑麦作物种植后进行复盖作物混播,复盖作物建立后进行放牧处理(复盖和不复盖)。本研究的数据表明,放牧对大多数土壤性质没有负面影响。与未放牧相比,放牧增加了土壤容重(BD),降低了土壤有机碳(SOC)和土壤保水(SWR)。放牧对玉米产量的影响不显著。覆盖作物对土壤pH、电导率(EC)、总氮(TN)、β-葡萄糖苷酶、酸水解碳组分、微生物生物量碳和SWR无显著影响,但对土壤有机碳(SOC)、冷热水碳组分、BD、部分相深度的入渗速率(qs)有显著影响。不同覆盖作物混作对玉米产量的影响不明显。经济分析表明,实施ICLS第一年使农场的利润增加了17.23美元,第二年增加了43.61美元。这些结果表明,管理得当的ICLS做法有利于土壤健康和生产者收入。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Demonstrating Short-Term Impacts of Grazing and Cover Crops on Soil Health and Economic Benefits in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System in South Dakota
Integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) is an alternative that can help in intensifying food production while benefiting the environment. However, the assessments of the impacts of ICLS on the soil and economic benefits relative to specific environments in South Dakota are still lacking. This study was to assess the effects of ICLS on soil health and economic benefits under a corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.)-rye (Secale cereale L.) rotation in South Dakota. Cover crops blends were planted after the rye crop, and grazing treatments (with and without) were applied after the cover crops establishment in 2015-2016. Data from this study indicate that most soil properties are not negatively impacted by grazing. However, the grazing increased soil bulk density (BD) and decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil water retention (SWR) compared with the ungrazing. The effect of grazing on corn yield was not significant. The cover crops did not impact the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), β-glucosidase, acid hydrolysis carbon fraction, microbial biomass carbon, and SWR, but impacted the SOC, hot/cold water carbon fraction, BD, infiltration rate (qs) in some phases and depths. The effects of different cover crop blends on corn yield were not as strong. The economic analysis showed that implementing ICLS increased the profit of the farm by $17.23 ac−1 in the first year and $43.61 ac−1 in the second year. These findings indicate that ICLS practices with proper management benefit soil health and producer income.
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