典当马：14世纪德国小额信贷市场的风险与责任

IF 0.1 Q3 HISTORY

Medieval Encounters Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI:10.1163/15700674-12340113

Aviya Doron

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引用次数: 0

摘要

许多犹太教和基督教的信用交易依赖于典当作为抵押品，这可能消除了债务人违约的风险。然而，保留和维护某些典当涉及到特殊的风险，使这些交易更加复杂。本文的重点是活的典当，特别是马，与犹太人典当的其他贵重物品相比，动物的安全管理要困难得多，风险也大得多。通过追溯法律规范和实践是如何解决接受马作为典当所附带的一些独特风险的，本文将概述犹太人和基督徒在从事以马为担保的信贷交易时的期望。根据13世纪末至14世纪中期的相关文献、城市立法和法庭案例，本分析将讨论与活卒责任有关的一些复杂性，目的是展示一种特定类型的卒及其独特的风险和收益如何反映先前关于风险和信任的假设和期望。

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Pawned Horses: Risk and Liability in Fourteenth Century German Small-Credit Market

Many Jewish-Christian credit transactions relied on pawns as collateral, which presumably eliminated the risk in the case of debtors’ default. However, keeping and maintaining certain pawns involved particular risks that further complicated these transactions. This paper focuses on live pawns, specifically horses, where the safekeeping of the animal involved far greater difficulties and risks than with other valuable objects that were pawned with Jews. By tracing how legal norms and practices addressed some of the unique risks attached to receiving horses as pawns, this article will outline the expectations both Jews and Christians had when engaging in credit transaction secured by horses. Relying on responsa literature, urban legislation, and court cases from the late thirteenth to mid-fourteenth centuries, this analysis will discuss some of the complications relating to liability over live pawns, with the goal of demonstrating how a specific type of pawn, and its unique risks and benefits, reflects previous assumptions and expectations regarding risk and trust.

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来源期刊

Medieval Encounters Arts and Humanities-Religious Studies

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Medieval Encounters promotes discussion and dialogue accross cultural, linguistic and disciplinary boundaries on the interactions of Jewish, Christian and Muslim cultures during the period from the fourth through to the sixteenth century C.E. Culture is defined in its widest form to include art, all manner of history, languages, literature, medicine, music, philosophy, religion and science. The geographic limits of inquiry will be bounded only by the limits in which the traditions interacted. Confluence, too, will be construed in its widest form to permit exploration of more indirect interactions and influences and to permit examination of important subjects on a comparative basis.