Histological findings of regional odontodysplasia in maxillary right region in two cases

Background

Regional odontodysplasia is a rare developmental anomaly usually affecting maxillary anterior region. We reported clinical observation in relation to two cases of regional odontodysplasia as the first report (Ped Dent J 2020; 30:124–128). There are only a few studies that have reported the detailed histological structure of teeth affected by odontodysplasia. The purpose of this report was to explore histologically the primary teeth affected by odontodysplasia in the two cases.

Materials and methods

The subjects of this study were two primary teeth with odontodysplasia reported as the first report, upper right primary lateral incisor of case1 and upper right primary first molar of case 2. These affected teeth were observed using stereo microscope, high resolution X-ray CT scanner (Micro CT), optical microscope and electron beam probe microanalyzer (EPMA).

Result

The surface of both teeth was rough and the volume of enamel was small at the hypoplastic areas. Histological findings revealed that enamel rods as well as dentinal tubules were unclear and that the volume of minerals in enamel was low in the case 1.

Conclusion

Detailed histological observation revealed that enamel and dentine were hypoplastic. It was suggested that tooth germ formation began normally, but problems occurred in cell differentiation stages of teeth affected by odontodysplasia. Moreover, hypocalcification was more severe in the primary anterior tooth than the primary molar.