Palmitic acid glyceride content in maize lines - carriers of the wx and sh1 mutations depending on the air temperature during the ripening period

In three-year experiments, we studied the effect of air temperature during grain ripening on the content of palmitic acid glycerides in the oils of corn (Zea mays L.) inbred lines of common type as well as inbred lines - carriers of sh1 and wx mutations of the endosperm structure. The material for the research was presented by 10 unrelated lines of each type, which were grown in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. The analysis of the fatty acid composition of the oil was carried out with the Peisker gas-chromatographic method. The evaluation of the genotype: environment interactions was carried out using the Eberhard-Russell method. It has been established that the lines – carriers of sh1 and wx mutations differ from the lines of common type in a higher level of palmitate content, and one of the probable causes for this may be the spatial linkage of the mutant sh1 and wx genes with the palmitate-coding locus of chromosome 9. Palmitate content in unrelated lines of each type varied depending on the genotype of the line and the norm of its response to temperature fluctuations during grain maturation. Some lines showed a significant range of palmitate content variability under different temperature regimes of the ripening period, while other lines had a fairly stable level of the trait under the same conditions. Lines with a stably elevated content of palmitate under contrasting temperature growing conditions were identified.