新的城市可持续发展政策:德勒兹和地方创新与政策流动

IF 3.4 2区 经济学 Q1 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING
G. Searle, Sébastien Darchen
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引用次数: 2

摘要

最近关于城市如何采取新政策的学术研究集中在流动政策的概念上。这包含了这样一种想法,即政策参与者为最新政策创建“最佳城市”(McCann&Ward,2011,xiv)或“强大中心”(Peck&Theodore,2015,23)的心理地图,为未来的战略提供信息,然后将其转化为适合当地的解决方案。该奖学金承认,需要调整由此确定的政策,使其在新的地点发挥作用(McCann&Ward,2011,xiv)。总体情况是,城市政策格局是由零星的新政策组成的,这些政策为解决城市问题提供了新的方法,然后被全球城市采纳并纳入其战略。这项研究表明,大多数真正具有创新性的城市政策都是由城市借鉴的,而不是在一系列城市地区制定的。在一个社会和环境挑战中城市间竞争加剧的时代,流动政策开始显现。通过学者和决策者的国际网络的存在,政策的流动性得到了进一步加强,这些网络传播了在某些地方成功应对这些挑战的举措的知识。然而,现有的学术研究并没有充分质疑创新新城市政策的产生方式。我们应该寻找什么样的因素来解释这些政策的出现?是否存在某些类型的政策挑战,这些挑战不太容易被其他地方采纳,更可能需要当地创新?这篇短文试图就这些问题展开辩论。在这样做的过程中,我们借鉴了德勒兹理论概念提出的见解后,最近对全球各地实施的创新城市可持续发展政策进行的调查。我们所借鉴的德勒兹的特殊概念始于根茎的概念,以及它可以用来理解新政策是如何出现的。接下来,德勒兹对语境和偶然性重要性的强调与他的多重性概念结合起来,以理解新政策可能具有的特征。此外,德勒兹的折叠概念
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
New Urban Sustainability Policies: Deleuze and Local Innovation Versus Policy Mobility
Recent scholarship on how cities come to adopt new policies has focused on the notion of mobile policy. This incorporates the idea that policy actors create mental maps of ‘ best cities ’ (McCann & Ward, 2011, xiv) or “ powerful centres ” (Peck & Theodore, 2015, 23) for the latest policies to inform future strategies, which are then converted into locally appropriate solutions. This scholarship recognises that policies thus identi fi ed will need to be adjusted to make them work in new locations (McCann & Ward, 2011, xiv). The overall picture is of an urban policy landscape of sporadic new policies that offer new approaches to urban problems and that are then picked up by cities around the globe and incorporated in their strategies. This scholarship suggests that most really innovative urban policies are borrowed by cities rather than developed locally across a range of urban areas. Mobile policies have assumed promin-ence in an era of heightened inter-city competition amidst social and environmental challenges. The mobility of policies is further intensi fi ed through the existence of international networks of scholars and policy-makers that transmit knowledge of initiatives that have proven successful somewhere in meeting these challenges. Nevertheless, existing scholarship does not adequately interrogate the ways in which innovative new urban policies are generated in the fi rst place. What kinds of factors should we look for to explain the emergence of such policies? Are there certain kinds of policy challenges that are less susceptible to being adopted from somewhere else and that are more likely to need local innovation? This short paper attempts to open debate on these questions. In doing so, we draw on a recent survey of innovative urban sustainability policies implemented across the globe after developing insights suggested by the theoretical concepts of Deleuze. The particular Deleuzian concepts we draw on start with the notion of the rhizome, and the way it can be used to understand how new policies emerge. Next, Deleuze ’ s emphasis on the importance of context and contingency is used in conjunction with his concept of multiplicity to understand the characteristics that new policies might have. In addition, Deleuze ’ s concept of the fold
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
5.10%
发文量
35
期刊介绍: Planning Theory & Practice provides an international focus for the development of theory and practice in spatial planning and a forum to promote the policy dimensions of space and place. Published four times a year in conjunction with the Royal Town Planning Institute, London, it publishes original articles and review papers from both academics and practitioners with the aim of encouraging more effective, two-way communication between theory and practice. The Editors invite robustly researched papers which raise issues at the leading edge of planning theory and practice, and welcome papers on controversial subjects. Contributors in the early stages of their academic careers are encouraged, as are rejoinders to items previously published.
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