173例儿童口腔中毒回顾性分析

中国小儿急救医学 Pub Date : 2019-11-20 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-4912.2019.11.005

Yupin Li, Jie Ma, Yang Yang, Xun Jiang, Baoxi Wang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的分析探讨儿童口腔中毒的社会因素及临床特点，为预防和治疗儿童口腔中毒提供参考。方法回顾性分析2017年1-12月在唐都医院第四军医大学儿科诊治的173例口腔中毒患儿的临床资料。结果农药和杀虫剂中毒占首位（68例，39.31%），不同毒物的临床表现各不相同。从地理位置来看，城乡分布以农村为主（118例，68.21%），其中农村留守儿童103例（87.29%）。一年内，城市儿童数量波动较小，3月出现小高峰，农村儿童数量波动较大，7月出现大高峰。此外，城市儿童主要是口服内科中毒（34例，61.82%），农村儿童以口服农药和杀虫剂中毒为主（64例，54.24%），性别分布以男性为主（101例，58.38%），儿童早期发病率最高（97例，56.07%），以及年龄较大的儿童因情绪因素自行给药（26例，15.03%）。根据给药中毒的类型和时间，治疗方法为洗胃、催吐和灌肠，及时使用特效解药和对症治疗也是治疗的关键。结论农村儿童口腔中毒情况较为严重，尤其是农村留守儿童，他们在儿童早期发病率最高。口服农药、杀虫剂和口服药物是最突出的，用药不当是主要原因。应加强家庭毒物管理进行预防，并根据服毒类型和时间的不同进行治疗。关键词：儿童；口头；毒药；中毒

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Retrospective analysis of 173 cases of oral poisoning in children

Objective To analyze and discuss the social factors and clinical characteristics of oral poisoning in children, so as to provide reference for preventing and treating children poisoning. Methods The clinical data of 173 pediatric patients with oral poisoning diagnosed and treated in Department of Pediatrics, the Fourth Military Medical University in Tangdu Hospital from January to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Pesticide and insecticide poisoning topped the list(68 cases, 39.31%)and the clinical manifestations of different poisons were varied.Geographically, the urban and rural distribution was mainly rural(118 cases, 68.21%), among which 103 cases(87.29%)were left-behind children in rural areas.Within one year, the number of urban children fluctuated slightly, with a small peak in March and the number of rural children fluctuated greatly, with a large peak in July.In addition, urban children were mainly poisoned by oral internal medicine(34 cases, 61.82%), while rural children were mainly poisoned by oral pesticide and insecticide(64 cases, 54.24%). The gender distribution was mainly male(101 cases, 58.38%), with the highest incidence in early childhood(97 cases, 56.07%). The main reasons for taking poison included children′s misadministration(123 cases, 71.10%), parents′ accidental feeding(24 cases, 13.87%), and elder children′s self-administration due to emotional factors(26 cases, 15.03%). The treatment methods were gastric lavage, emetic stimulation and enema according to the type and time of poisoning of administration, and timely use of specific antidote and symptomatic treatment was also the key to treatment. Conclusion The situation is more serious in rural areas of oral poisoning in children, especially for left-behind children in rural areas, who are at the highest incidence in early childhood.Oral pesticides, insecticides and oral drugs are the most prominent, and misadministration is the main reason.Family poison management should be strengthened for prevention, and treatment should vary according to the type and time of taking poison. Key words: Children; Oral; Poison; Poisoning

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来源期刊

中国小儿急救医学

自引率

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发文量

6226

期刊介绍： Chinese Journal of Neurology was established in 1955, the predecessor of which is Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry has been indexed by MEDLINE until 1996, when it was divided into two journals, Chinese Journal of Neurology, and Chinese Journal of Psychiatry. Chinese Journal of Neurology is now indexed by EM, SCOPUS, AJ, WPRIM, CNKI, Wanfang Data, CSCD, etc. The impact factor of the journal is 2.755 in 2017, ranking the first among all neurological and psychological journals in China and among all the 142 medical journals published by the Chinese Medical Association. The journal is available both in print and online.