DISTRIBUTIONOF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS BY SEX, AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF BACTERIA IN POPULATION OF ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections leading to significant morbidity, hospital admissions and cost. Our objectives were to determine the distribution of urinary tract infections by sex, age group and type of bacteria in population of Islamabad, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Nephrology, Khan Research laboratories Teaching Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2018 to May 2020. A sample of182 UTIs cases was selected from population at risk consecutively. Sex, age groups and type of bacteria were variables. All variables were nominal except age group which was ordinal. Distribution was analyzed by count, percentage and confidence intervals for proportion at 95%CL for population. Results: Out of 182 patients with UTIs, 90 (49.45%) were men and 92 (50.55%) women, 19 (10.44%) were in age group 18-40 years, 75 (41.21%) in age group 41-60 years and 88 (48.35%) in age group of >60 years. Most common bacteria was Escherichia coli 116 (63.74%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 20 (10.99%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15 (8.24%), Enterococcus faecalis 15 (8.24%), Staphylococcus aureus 7 (3.85%), Proteus mirabilis 4 (2.20%), Acinetobacter 2(1.10%), Enterobacter 2 (1.10%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 1 (0.54%). Conclusion: In our population, the prevalence of UTIs was similar in men and women, while it was higher in age group >60 years, followed by 41-60 years and 18-40 years. The most common bacteria were E.coli, followed by K.pneumonia, P.aeruginosa, E.faecalis, S.aureus, P.mirabilis, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter and S.epidermidis.