为什么在高等真核生物的基因组中有这么多具有重复核苷酸序列的非编码dna ?

A. Ibraimov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于非编码dna (ncdna)在真核生物基因组中的生物学作用存在许多问题。值得注意的是,尽管ncdna在基因组中占绝大多数,但它仍然是一个神秘的物体。从简单的理论考虑,这类庞大的ncdna应该在高等真核生物的生命活动中发挥重要作用。如果它们的性质不能产生特定的生物产物(蛋白质、酶或rna),那么它们必须在细胞中形成一些非特异性结构,这些结构在高级真核生物的重要活动中很重要。因此,从我们的角度来看,过量的ncdna被固定在高等真核生物的基因组中,主要是由于它们的核苷酸重复序列位点的组成以及它们在种群中的广泛变异性,这最终在真核细胞核和细胞、生物性别和物种、大型多细胞和温血生物,直到现代人类的出现中发挥了决定性作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Why are there so Many non-coding DNAs with Repeating Sequences of Nucleotides in the Genome of Higher Eukaryotes?
There are many questions regarding the biological roles of non-coding DNAs (ncDNAs) in the eukaryotic genome. It is noteworthy that ncDNAs, despite the overwhelming majority in the genome is still a mysterious object. From simple theoretical considerations, it follows that this vast class of ncDNAs should play some important role in the vital activity of higher eukaryotes. If by their nature they are not capable create specific biological products (proteins, enzymes or RNAs), then they must form some non-specific structures in the cell that are important in the vital activity of higher eukaryotes. Thus, from our point of view, excess ncDNAs were fixed in the genome of higher eukaryotes mainly due to the presence in their composition of sites with repetitive sequences of nucleotides and their wide variability in the population, which ultimately played a decisive role in the emergence of the eukaryotic nucleus and cells, biological sex and species, large multicellular and warm-blooded organisms, up to modern humans.
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