{"title":"不同粒径分布钙质砂的小应变剪切模量(Gmax)与微观孔隙结构","authors":"Shao-Heng He, Meisam Goudarzy, Zhi Ding, Yifei Sun, Tao Xu, Qiong-Fang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10035-022-01270-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The maximum shear modulus (<i>G</i><sub>max</sub>) is a key material characteristic that is incorporated in advanced soil constitutive models. Numerous experimental studies have been conducted to describe the effects of particle sizes and packing characteristics on <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>. However, most of these studies were conducted on quartz-based sands. A review of the literature revealed that few studies have described the effects of grain size distribution (GSD) on <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> in calcareous sands. Therefore, bender element (BE) tests were performed on calcareous sands with different mean grain sizes (<i>d</i><sub>50</sub>), uniformity coefficients (<i>C</i><sub>u</sub>), and void ratios to obtain <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>. The BE results revealed that the <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> of calcareous sand increases slightly with increasing <i>d</i><sub>50</sub> but decreases significantly with increasing <i>C</i><sub>u</sub>. A modified model of <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> incorporating the effects <i>C</i><sub>u</sub> and <i>d</i><sub>50</sub> was therefore developed for calcareous sand. Moreover, microscopic observations of pore size distributions (PSD) obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests were presented to demonstrate the effect of GSD on PSD and its correlation with <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>. The NMR results revealed that the interaggregate pore structure proportion and uniformity of the PSD decreased significantly with increasing <i>C</i><sub>u</sub> but increased slightly with increasing <i>d</i><sub>50</sub>. The underlying mechanism for the effect of GSD on <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> was related to its substantial impact on microstructure. The significant decrease in <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> with increasing <i>C</i><sub>u</sub> can be attributed to the remarkable reduction in the ratio of the interaggregate void ratio to the intraaggregate void ratio. Additionally, <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> was enhanced as the heterogeneity of the microporosity structure distribution decreased.</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3>\n <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":582,"journal":{"name":"Granular Matter","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10035-022-01270-2.pdf","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) and microscopic pore structure of calcareous sand with different grain size distributions\",\"authors\":\"Shao-Heng He, Meisam Goudarzy, Zhi Ding, Yifei Sun, Tao Xu, Qiong-Fang Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10035-022-01270-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The maximum shear modulus (<i>G</i><sub>max</sub>) is a key material characteristic that is incorporated in advanced soil constitutive models. Numerous experimental studies have been conducted to describe the effects of particle sizes and packing characteristics on <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>. However, most of these studies were conducted on quartz-based sands. A review of the literature revealed that few studies have described the effects of grain size distribution (GSD) on <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> in calcareous sands. Therefore, bender element (BE) tests were performed on calcareous sands with different mean grain sizes (<i>d</i><sub>50</sub>), uniformity coefficients (<i>C</i><sub>u</sub>), and void ratios to obtain <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>. The BE results revealed that the <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> of calcareous sand increases slightly with increasing <i>d</i><sub>50</sub> but decreases significantly with increasing <i>C</i><sub>u</sub>. A modified model of <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> incorporating the effects <i>C</i><sub>u</sub> and <i>d</i><sub>50</sub> was therefore developed for calcareous sand. Moreover, microscopic observations of pore size distributions (PSD) obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests were presented to demonstrate the effect of GSD on PSD and its correlation with <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>. The NMR results revealed that the interaggregate pore structure proportion and uniformity of the PSD decreased significantly with increasing <i>C</i><sub>u</sub> but increased slightly with increasing <i>d</i><sub>50</sub>. The underlying mechanism for the effect of GSD on <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> was related to its substantial impact on microstructure. The significant decrease in <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> with increasing <i>C</i><sub>u</sub> can be attributed to the remarkable reduction in the ratio of the interaggregate void ratio to the intraaggregate void ratio. 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Small-strain shear modulus (Gmax) and microscopic pore structure of calcareous sand with different grain size distributions
The maximum shear modulus (Gmax) is a key material characteristic that is incorporated in advanced soil constitutive models. Numerous experimental studies have been conducted to describe the effects of particle sizes and packing characteristics on Gmax. However, most of these studies were conducted on quartz-based sands. A review of the literature revealed that few studies have described the effects of grain size distribution (GSD) on Gmax in calcareous sands. Therefore, bender element (BE) tests were performed on calcareous sands with different mean grain sizes (d50), uniformity coefficients (Cu), and void ratios to obtain Gmax. The BE results revealed that the Gmax of calcareous sand increases slightly with increasing d50 but decreases significantly with increasing Cu. A modified model of Gmax incorporating the effects Cu and d50 was therefore developed for calcareous sand. Moreover, microscopic observations of pore size distributions (PSD) obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests were presented to demonstrate the effect of GSD on PSD and its correlation with Gmax. The NMR results revealed that the interaggregate pore structure proportion and uniformity of the PSD decreased significantly with increasing Cu but increased slightly with increasing d50. The underlying mechanism for the effect of GSD on Gmax was related to its substantial impact on microstructure. The significant decrease in Gmax with increasing Cu can be attributed to the remarkable reduction in the ratio of the interaggregate void ratio to the intraaggregate void ratio. Additionally, Gmax was enhanced as the heterogeneity of the microporosity structure distribution decreased.
期刊介绍：
Although many phenomena observed in granular materials are still not yet fully understood, important contributions have been made to further our understanding using modern tools from statistical mechanics, micro-mechanics, and computational science.
These modern tools apply to disordered systems, phase transitions, instabilities or intermittent behavior and the performance of discrete particle simulations.
>> Until now, however, many of these results were only to be found scattered throughout the literature. Physicists are often unaware of the theories and results published by engineers or other fields - and vice versa.
The journal Granular Matter thus serves as an interdisciplinary platform of communication among researchers of various disciplines who are involved in the basic research on granular media. It helps to establish a common language and gather articles under one single roof that up to now have been spread over many journals in a variety of fields. Notwithstanding, highly applied or technical work is beyond the scope of this journal.
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