MRI Imaging of Focal Adenomyosis and Adenomyotic Cyst: Case Report

Adenomyosis is defined by the presence of ectopic endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium. This happens when the normal boundary between the endometrial basal layer and the myometrium is disrupted. It proposed that it may be due to uterine trauma, pregnancy, postpartum endometritis, or caesarean delivery. Adenomyosis has been noted to occur in about 30% of the general female population and the reported prevalence of adenomyosis in hysterectomy specimens varies from 5% to 70%. We report a case of a 42 year old female, nulligravida, with a medical history of complete spontaneous miscarriage five years ago; with uncontrolled bleeding which it need to be treated with cervical cerclage. Actually she has a menstrual menometrorrhagia and dysmenorrhea treated with oral contraceptive pills but it did not stop. Transvaginal sonography showed a globular uterine enlargement with one leiomyoma and uterine wall thickening. Vascular malformation or adenomyosis were suspected. A MRI was performed which it showed findings in respect with adenomyosis.