Model of Slum Area Management Based on Socio-Spatial Approach. The Case of Baubau City, Indonesia

The rapid growth of urban population especially due to urbanization triggers environmental, social and economic impacts to sustainable development [1]. Commonly, population growth is followed by the growth of slum areas. Based on the UN HABITAT report, population growth has been recorded worldwide in densely populated areas over the past two decades. The same source estimates that about 1.4 billion people in urban areas of the world will occupy densely populated areas by 2030 [2]. The baseline data of urban slum areas in Indonesia that was updated until 2015 showed that the percentage of the national slum area is of 10% and will be targeted to 0% by 2019. Baubau City, as one of autonomous regions in Southeast Sulawesi Province, has registered high population growth. Over the period of 2010-2015, the population growth was of 13.06%, from 136,981 inhabitants to 151,877 inhabitants [3] with identified slum areas of 69.4 hectare based on the baseline of Program Kota Tanpa Kumuh (Cities Without Slums Program). The implementation of slum upgrading programs in developing countries is highly dependent on the physical condition of the structures and socioeconomic conditions of the community [4], [5]. Various slum quality improvement programs have shown progress so far, however, sustainability being still a major challenge [6]. Practically, Indonesia has had Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism