乘用车生命周期的概念

I. Martynov, A. Trufanova, Y. Kalabukhin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文讨论了确定乘用车生命周期的概念方法的问题。客车车队主要由上世纪70年代至90年代在德国和俄罗斯的汽车厂开发和制造的车型组成。他们在道德和身体上都已经过时了。这就需要通过购买国内外生产的汽车来更新乘用车车队。在现代条件下,新技术的用户不仅对购买价格感兴趣,还对售后成本感兴趣。这反映在生命周期成本中。建议使用乘用车的级联生命周期模型。乌克兰铁路运营期间客车的生命周期阶段已经确定。考虑了客车生命周期每个阶段的组成部分。对于打算运营客车的运输公司来说,前三个阶段的成本直接表示为汽车的初始成本——购买价格。客车的生命周期成本(LCC)将通过总结设备使用寿命每个特定阶段(计算步骤)的资金(费用)单独流出来确定。铁路运输技术系统的生命周期评估可以在生命周期的任何阶段进行。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE CONCEPT OF THE PASSENGER CAR LIFE CYCLE
The article deals with the issues of a conceptual approach to determining the life cycle of a passenger car. The fleet of passenger car mainly consists of models developed and manufactured in the 70-90s of the last century at car plants in Germany and Russia. They are obsolete both morally and physically. This necessitates the renewal of the passenger car fleet by purchasing cars of both domestic and foreign production. In modern conditions, the user of new technology is interested not only in the purchase price, but also in the after-sales costs. This is reflected in the life cycle cost. It is proposed to use a cascade life cycle model for a passenger car. The stages of the life cycle of a passenger car during operation on the railways of Ukraine have been determined. The components of each stage of the life cycle of a passenger car are considered. For a transport company that intends to operate a passenger car, the costs of the first three stages are directly expressed in the initial cost of the car - the purchase price. The life cycle cost (LCC) of a passenger car will be determined by summing up the individual outflow of funds (expenses) at each specific stage (calculation step) of the service life of the equipment. The life cycle assessment of the technical system of railway transport can work at any stage of the life cycle.
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