Špecifiká pri formovaní národných identít v literárnych dielach do roku 1867 (Transkultúrne a intertextuálne relácie: Ján Chalupka, Ján Kalinčiak a Ján Palárik)

The article aims at describing some of the particulars of the formation of national identities in the 19th century in the work of Ján Palárik (1822 – 1870) Inkognito ([Incognito], 1858) and Ján Kalinčiak (1822 – 1871) Reštavrácia ([County elections], 1860), Milkov hrob ([Milko’s grave], 1845/1846), and Knieža liptovské ([Prince of Liptov], 1852). The article analyses these works through the prism of Ján Chalupka’s (1791 – 1871) oeuvre which, with regards to identities, seeks a balance between national identities in the multilingual Hungary. Ján Palárik and Ján Kalinčiak strive for similar goals in these works. Key notions in this regard are future and progress which is connected with youth. Starting point in this respect is the self-reflective space of the fictitious town of Kocúrkovo as the space of a possible, projected change embodied in the character of the young teacher Svoboda. Attention is devoted to the hypothesised reasons underlying those attitudes that diverge from the notions established in (national) cultural memory (such as the problem of the relationship towards Hungarian literary tradition or interpretations of the past). The article mainly focuses on the elements reflecting the relationship towards the Hungarian context of the times. ORCID