新冠肺炎大流行前和期间俄罗斯结核病和艾滋病毒感染死亡率

Q4 Medicine
E. Tsybikova, I. Lapshina
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The deterioration of the epidemic situation of tuberculosis during the pandemic was due to the introduction of restrictive measures (lockdown), which led to a decrease in the proportion of the population covered by screening aimed at early detection of tuberculosis among the population. As a result, in the structure of the deceased contingents with tuberculosis, the proportion of those whose cause of death was tuberculosis increased to 30% (ICD-10 A15–A19).Such dynamics was due to an increase to 7.6% in the proportion of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis posthumously (in 2019 — 4.8%). In addition, among the deceased contingents with tuberculosis, every 3rd was a patient with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection. During the pandemic, in 16 regions of the Russian Federation, the proportion of deaths from COVID-19 was low and amounted to only 2.3% in the structure of deceased contingents with tuberculosis.Conclusion. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:研究新冠肺炎大流行前和大流行期间俄罗斯和俄罗斯联邦受试者因结核病和艾滋病毒感染而死亡的动态,以及感染结核病和艾滋病毒的特遣队的死亡原因。材料和方法。俄罗斯统计局2002-2021年的数据用于分析俄罗斯结核病、艾滋病毒感染、传染病和新冠肺炎的死亡率。关于感染结核病和艾滋病毒的特遣队人数和死亡原因的信息,可从2012-2011年第61号、第8号和第33号联邦统计观察表中获得。应俄罗斯联邦16名受试者的请求,收到了关于特遣队肺结核(包括新冠肺炎)死亡原因的资料。使用Stat-Tech v.2.8.8程序(由俄罗斯Stattech LLC开发)进行统计分析。结果和讨论。在俄罗斯,在疫情期间(2020-2021年),传染病、结核病和艾滋病毒感染的死亡率同步下降。与此同时,这些指标的动态出现了“反向转变”,因此,艾滋病毒感染死亡率的下降率在过去20年中首次超过结核病。对艾滋病毒感染死亡率动态产生积极影响的主要因素是接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染患者的覆盖率增加,其中的比例在2020-2021年分别增加到82.2%和83.3%(2019-71%)。在大流行期间,结核病疫情的恶化是由于采取了限制性措施(封锁),导致人口中接受旨在早期发现结核病的筛查的人口比例下降。因此,在结核病死亡队伍的结构中,死亡原因为结核病的人数比例增加到30%(ICD-10 A15–A19)。这种动态是由于死后诊断为结核病的患者比例增加到7.6%(2019年为4.8%)。此外,在肺结核死亡队伍中,每三分之一是肺结核合并艾滋病毒感染的患者。在大流行期间,在俄罗斯联邦16个地区,新冠肺炎死亡人数比例较低,在死于结核病的特遣队结构中仅占2.3%。结论在俄罗斯的疫情期间(2020-2021年),结核病死亡率下降的速度有所放缓,原因是尸检后发现结核病的患者比例增加。在肺结核死亡人口结构中,保持较高比例的肺结核合并艾滋病毒感染患者可以减缓艾滋病毒感染死亡率的下降速度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mortality from tuberculosis and HIV infection in Russia in the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Objective: to study the dynamics of mortality from tuberculosis and HIV infection, as well as the causes of death of contingents with tuberculosis and HIV infection, in Russia and the subjects of the Russian Federation, in the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methods. Rosstat data for 2002–2021 were used to analyze mortality from tuberculosis, HIV infection, infectious diseases and COVID-19 in Russia. Information on the number and causes of death of contingents with tuberculosis and HIV infection was obtained from Federal statistical observation Forms No. 61, No. 8 and No. 33 for 2012–2021. Information on the causes of death of contingents with tuberculosis, including from COVID-19, was received upon request from 16 subjects of the Russian Federation. Statistical analysis was carried out using the program Stat Tech v.2.8.8 (developed by Stattech LLC, Russia).Results and discussion. In Russia, during the pandemic (2020–2021), there was a synchronous decrease in mortality from infectious diseases, tuberculosis and HIV infection. At the same time, a «reverse transition» was registered in the dynamics of these indicators, as a result of which the rates of reduction in mortality from HIV infection exceeded those from tuberculosis for the first time in the last 20 years.The main factor that had a positive impact on the dynamics of mortality from HIV infection was an increase in the coverage of HIV-infected patients with antiretroviral therapy, the share of which increased to 82.2% and 83.3% in 2020–2021 (2019 — 71%). The deterioration of the epidemic situation of tuberculosis during the pandemic was due to the introduction of restrictive measures (lockdown), which led to a decrease in the proportion of the population covered by screening aimed at early detection of tuberculosis among the population. As a result, in the structure of the deceased contingents with tuberculosis, the proportion of those whose cause of death was tuberculosis increased to 30% (ICD-10 A15–A19).Such dynamics was due to an increase to 7.6% in the proportion of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis posthumously (in 2019 — 4.8%). In addition, among the deceased contingents with tuberculosis, every 3rd was a patient with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection. During the pandemic, in 16 regions of the Russian Federation, the proportion of deaths from COVID-19 was low and amounted to only 2.3% in the structure of deceased contingents with tuberculosis.Conclusion. During the pandemic (2020–2021) in Russia, there was a slowdown in the rate of decline in mortality from tuberculosis, due to an increase in the proportion of patients in whom tuberculosis was detected late as a result of post-mortem diagnosis. Maintaining a high proportion of patients with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection in the structure of deceased populations with tuberculosis slows down the rate of reduction in mortality from HIV infection.
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来源期刊
HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders
HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: In the scientific-practical journal "HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders", published various issues of HIV medicine (epidemiology, molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis to the development of educational programs) leading scientists of Russia and countries of CIS, USA, as well as practical healthcare professionals working in research centers, research institutes, universities, clinics where done basic medical work. A special place on the pages of the publication is given to basic and clinical research, analytical reviews of contemporary and foreign reports, the provision of medical care for various diseases.
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