“Y/Our”发声——人类发声行为和声音的行为学分类

J. Feierman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类行为学被指责为一门行为科学,认为人类不会发出声音。虽然可遗传的、协调的运动模式或固定的动作模式(Erbkoordinationen)是经典动物行为学的基本组成部分,它们可以产生“我们的”声音(例如笑、哭和尖叫),但它们不能产生“你的”声音(例如英语、德语、法语、西班牙语等的口语)。后一种“你的”声音是由单个肌肉运动发出的,当这些肌肉运动有意识地重复、组合或协调时,可以产生特定文化的、行为产生的声音符号,例如每种文化中生育婴儿的人的通称(例如,母亲、Mutter、m、madre)。本文是对人类发声行为及其发出的声音进行行为学分类的第一次尝试。最后,将讨论人类行为学家如何利用人类发出的声音作为代理来研究这两种不同类型的人类发声行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
"Y/Our" Vocal Sounds - Towards an Ethological Classification of Human Vocalizing Behavior and Sounds
Human ethology has been accused of being the behavioral science that treats humans as though they don't make vocal sounds. Although heritable, coordinated patterns of movement or fixed action patterns (Erbkoordinationen), which are the fundamental building blocks of classical ethology, can generate "our" vocal sounds (e.g., laughing, crying, and screaming), they cannot generate "your" vocal sounds (e.g., spoken words in English, German, French, Spanish, etc.). These latter "your" vocal sounds are made by single muscle movements, which when volitionally repeated, combined or coordinated, can generate culture-specific, behaviorally-generated vocal sound symbols, such as the general names in each culture for persons who give birth to babies (e.g., mother, Mutter, mère, madre). This article is a first attempt at an ethological classification of human vocalizing behaviors and the sounds they make. Lastly, how human ethologists could study these two different types of human vocalizing behaviors, using the sounds they make as proxies, will be discussed.
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