荒地-城市界面:定义和物理火灾风险缓解措施,系统综述

IF 3 3区 农林科学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Flavio Taccaliti, R. Marzano, Tina L. Bell, E. Lingua
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于相关的火灾风险,荒地-城市界面(WUI)引起了来自各种背景的研究人员和管理人员的注意。从土地管理的角度来看,确定WUI以确定火灾风险预防的优先区域是很重要的。了解可用于选择最适合每种特定情况的火灾风险缓解措施也很重要。在这篇系统综述中,调查了WUI的定义,并从土地管理的角度审查了降低火灾风险的物理缓解措施。PRISMA 2020声明适用于截至2022年12月31日发布的记录,并从科学网、Scopus和其他研究引擎中检索。对来自科学期刊和灰色文献的162篇出版物进行了仔细审查和分析。只保留了提供WUI原始定义或提出减少接口火灾风险的物理措施的出版物,而没有考虑与应急管理和社会认知有关的出版物。研究小组通过内部交叉评估降低了偏倚的风险。WUI的定义(n=40份出版物)根据研究目标而变化,在界面的人为成分和荒地成分的识别方面差异很大。根据定义,术语各不相同,发现“荒地-人类界面”(WHI)一词比“WUI”更全面。接口的方法定义从使用汇总数据到相当精确地识别接口中的风险建筑。确定了五类物理火灾风险缓解措施(n=128份出版物):净空距离、景观美化、荒地燃料管理、土地规划以及建筑设计和材料。最有效的措施是在城市发展的早期阶段采取的措施,维护资产和植被对做好准备至关重要。这篇综述代表了对科学证据的分析,土地管理者可以根据这些证据采取行动来降低WUI的火灾风险。调查WUI的研究数量相当多,但实验研究和定量结果很少,研究小组和土地管理机构之间更好的沟通和协调是可取的。这一系统性审查没有登记。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Wildland–Urban Interface: Definition and Physical Fire Risk Mitigation Measures, a Systematic Review
Due to the associated fire risk, the wildland–urban interface (WUI) has drawn the attention of researchers and managers from a range of backgrounds. From a land management point of view, it is important to identify the WUI to determine areas to prioritise for fire risk prevention. It is also important to know the fire risk mitigation measures available to select the most appropriate for each specific context. In this systematic review, definitions of the WUI were investigated and physical mitigation measures for reducing the risk of fire were examined from a land management perspective. The PRISMA 2020 Statement was applied to records published until 31 December 2022 and retrieved from the Web of Science, Scopus, and other research engines. A total of 162 publications from scientific journals and the grey literature were scrutinised and selected for analysis. Only publications providing an original definition of the WUI or proposing physical measures to reduce fire risk at the interface were retained, while those relating to emergency management and social perception were not considered. The risk of bias was reduced by internal cross-assessment by the research team. Definitions of the WUI (n = 40 publications) changed according to the research objective, varying broadly in identification of the anthropogenic and the wildland components of the interface. Terminology varied according to the definition, and the term wildland–human interface (WHI) was found to be more comprehensive than WUI. Methodological definitions of the interface ranged from using aggregated data through to identification of the buildings at risk in the interface with considerable precision. Five categories of physical fire risk mitigation measures (n = 128 publications) were identified: clearance distances, landscaping, wildland fuel management, land planning, and buildings design and materials. The most effective measures were those applied at early stages of urban development, and maintenance of assets and vegetation is crucial for preparedness. This review represents an analysis of scientific evidence on which land managers can base their actions to reduce the fire hazard risk in the WUI. The number of studies investigating the WUI is considerable, but experimental studies and quantitative results are scarce, and better communication and coordination among research groups and land management agencies is advisable. This systematic review was not registered.
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来源期刊
Fire-Switzerland
Fire-Switzerland Multiple-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
15.60%
发文量
182
审稿时长
11 weeks
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