香胸腺精油对大鼠胚胎和胎儿的发育毒性研究

IF 3.4 Q2 TOXICOLOGY
Fentahun Adane, K. Asres, W. Ergete, Samuel Woldekidan, G. Seyoum
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The doses 65 mg/kg, 130 mg/kg, and 260 mg/kg of the essential of Thymus schimperi were administered by force feeding to the III–V groups, respectively. Groups I and II were negative and ad libitum control groups. The embryos and fetuses were revealed on days 12 and 20 of gestations, respectively. The embryos were examined for developmental delays or growth retardation. Gross external, skeletal, and visceral anomalies in the fetuses were examined. Results In this study, the developmental scores of the number of implantation sites, crown-rump length, the number of somites, and morphological scores were significantly lower while the score of fetal resorptions was increased in a 12-day-old rat embryos treated with 260 mg/kg of the Thymus schimperi essential oil. There was also a significant delay in the development of the otic system, olfactory system, and a reduction in the number of branchial bars in 12-day-old embryos treated with 130 mg/kg and 260 mg/kg of the essential oil. However, external morphological examinations of rat fetuses revealed no detectable structural abnormalities. The fetal skull, vertebrae, hyoid, forelimb, and hindlimb ossification centers did not differ significantly across all the groups. Furthermore, there were no skeletal or soft-tissue malformations as a result of the essential oil treatment. Although the difference was not statistically significant, fetuses of the high-dose treatment group had a reduced number of ossification centers in the caudal vertebrae and hind limp phalanges. Conclusion The essential oil of Thymus schimperi at high doses has a detrimental effect on the development of rat embryos and fetuses. Its developmental toxicity is evidenced by significant delays in fetal and embryonic development, a decrease in the number of implantation sites, and an increase in fetal resorption. Furthermore, administration of the essential oil in higher doses resulted in a significant decrease in placenta weight and litter weight. 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引用次数: 4

摘要

背景在埃塞俄比亚传统医学中,百里香的地上部分被广泛用于治疗淋病、咳嗽、肝病、肾病、高血压、胃痛和真菌性皮肤感染等疾病。此外,它们还被用作蔬菜,为各种各样的食品调味。然而,对千里挥发油的毒性作用研究不足。因此,本研究的目的是评估百里香叶精油对发育中的大鼠胚胎和胎儿的发育毒性。方法采用水蒸馏法提取山胸腺地上部分挥发油。将怀孕的Wistar白化大鼠随机分为五组。剂量65 mg/kg,130 mg/kg和260 III–V组分别通过强制喂食的方式给药mg/kg的百里香精油。第一组和第二组为阴性对照组和随意对照组。胚胎和胎儿分别在妊娠第12天和第20天出现。对胚胎进行发育迟缓或生长迟缓检查。检查胎儿的大体外部、骨骼和内脏异常。结果在本研究中,用260 毫克/千克的百里香精油。在用130处理的12天大的胚胎中,耳系统、嗅觉系统的发育也显著延迟,鳃条的数量也减少 mg/kg和260 mg/kg的精油。然而,大鼠胎儿的外部形态学检查没有发现可检测到的结构异常。胎儿颅骨、脊椎、舌骨、前肢和后肢骨化中心在所有组之间没有显著差异。此外,精油治疗后没有出现骨骼或软组织畸形。尽管差异没有统计学意义,但高剂量治疗组的胎儿尾椎骨和后跛行指骨的骨化中心数量减少。结论大剂量山百里香精油对大鼠胚胎和胎儿发育有不良影响。其发育毒性可通过胎儿和胚胎发育的显著延迟、植入部位数量的减少和胎儿吸收的增加来证明。此外,更高剂量的精油给药可显著降低胎盘重量和产仔重量。此外,本研究提供了证据,证明高剂量使用百里香精油会影响发育中的胚胎和胎儿。因此,建议不要大剂量使用百里香精油。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Developmental Toxicity of Thymus schimperi Essential Oil in Rat Embryos and Fetuses
Background In Ethiopian traditional medicine, the aerial parts of Thymus schimperi are widely used to treat diseases such as gonorrhea, cough, liver disease, kidney disease, hypertension, stomach pain, and fungal skin infections. In addition, they have been used as vegetables to flavor a broad variety of food products. However, there is an insufficient investigation of the toxic effect of Thymus schimperi essential oil. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the developmental toxicity of the essential oil of Thymus schimperi leaves on developing rat embryos and fetuses. Methods Essential oil of the aerial parts of Thymus schimperi was extracted by hydrodistillation. Pregnant Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups. The doses 65 mg/kg, 130 mg/kg, and 260 mg/kg of the essential of Thymus schimperi were administered by force feeding to the III–V groups, respectively. Groups I and II were negative and ad libitum control groups. The embryos and fetuses were revealed on days 12 and 20 of gestations, respectively. The embryos were examined for developmental delays or growth retardation. Gross external, skeletal, and visceral anomalies in the fetuses were examined. Results In this study, the developmental scores of the number of implantation sites, crown-rump length, the number of somites, and morphological scores were significantly lower while the score of fetal resorptions was increased in a 12-day-old rat embryos treated with 260 mg/kg of the Thymus schimperi essential oil. There was also a significant delay in the development of the otic system, olfactory system, and a reduction in the number of branchial bars in 12-day-old embryos treated with 130 mg/kg and 260 mg/kg of the essential oil. However, external morphological examinations of rat fetuses revealed no detectable structural abnormalities. The fetal skull, vertebrae, hyoid, forelimb, and hindlimb ossification centers did not differ significantly across all the groups. Furthermore, there were no skeletal or soft-tissue malformations as a result of the essential oil treatment. Although the difference was not statistically significant, fetuses of the high-dose treatment group had a reduced number of ossification centers in the caudal vertebrae and hind limp phalanges. Conclusion The essential oil of Thymus schimperi at high doses has a detrimental effect on the development of rat embryos and fetuses. Its developmental toxicity is evidenced by significant delays in fetal and embryonic development, a decrease in the number of implantation sites, and an increase in fetal resorption. Furthermore, administration of the essential oil in higher doses resulted in a significant decrease in placenta weight and litter weight. In addition, the present study provided evidence that using the Thymus schimperi essential oil in a high dose could affect the developing embryo and fetus. Thus, it is recommended to discourage the use of Thymus schimperi essential oil in high doses.
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来源期刊
Journal of Toxicology
Journal of Toxicology TOXICOLOGY-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
3.40%
发文量
0
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Toxicology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of toxicological sciences. The journal will consider articles looking at the structure, function, and mechanism of agents that are toxic to humans and/or animals, as well as toxicological medicine, risk assessment, safety evaluation, and environmental health.
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