Adenoidectomy and adenotonsillotomy in children less than 2 years of age – a retrospective analysis

Introduction. The function of the palatine and adenoid tonsils is to provide defence against respiratory and digestive pathogens. Continuous antigenic stimulation may lead to tonsillar hypertrophy, which can be an indication for their removal. Aim. The purpose of this study was to analyse the symptoms, comorbidities, type of procedure and adverse effects after surgery in children less than 2 years of age who underwent adenoidectomy or adenotonsillotomy. Material and methods. Children less than 2 years of age hospitalized in the years 20092016 in the Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw were included in the study. Among 5833 patients with tonsillar hypertrophy, 60 patients (29 girls, 31 boys) met the inclusion criteria. Reported symptoms, comorbidities, type of procedure, and adverse symptoms during the post-operative observation period were analysed in age subgroups. Results. Adenoidectomy was performed in 38 cases, and adenotonsillotomy – in 22 cases. 26 children had concomitant otitis media with effusion treated with myringotomy with or without tympanostomy tube insertion. In regard to the symptoms and type of the procedure, the level of statistical significance was not reached. Drops in blood oxygen saturation and fever were observed postoperatively in three children with comorbid conditions. Conclusions. Adenoidectomy and adenotonsillotomy with myringotomy with or without tympanostomy tube insertion are relatively safe and efficient procedures in children under 2 years of age. No evident correlation between the age of the child and the frequency of performing adenoidectomy in relation to adenotonsillotomy has been noted. Parents should be informed about the risk of regrowth and the possible need for a future reoperation. Keywords