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引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要本研究分析了铜时代伊比利亚半岛西南部少数个体小型集体墓的随葬活动。这些小的埋葬空间是该地理区域复杂社会中最常见的葬礼表现之一,也是最常见的巨石纪念碑形式之一。以La Orden Seminario墓地为例进行了详细的案例研究,采用了多种方法,综合了建筑、地层学、随葬品、生物人类学指标和时间序列的相关分析。这项研究使我们有可能确定这些集体葬礼活动的总体特征:(a)地下墓穴和托洛伊墓穴之间的建筑和功能相似性;(b) 埋葬空间的周期性改造和重组;(c) 在不同阶段形成叠加的陪葬品层次;(d) 每个层次的时间较短,集中在1-5代;(e) 一级和二级陪葬品并存;(f) 最低人数较少,不存在按性别和/或年龄划分的不对称做法;(g) 陪葬品的统一性、物品的碎片化以及供品的沉积;以及(h)青铜时代早期的再利用。
Small Houses of the Dead: A Model of Collective Funerary Activity in the Chalcolithic Tombs of Southwestern Iberia. La Orden-Seminario Site (Huelva, Spain)
Abstract This study analyses the funerary activity of small collective tombs with a limited number of individuals in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula during the Copper Age. These small burial spaces are one of the most frequent funerary manifestations and one of the most common forms of megalithic monumentality in the complex societies of this geographical area. The necropolis of La Orden-Seminario is put forward as a detailed case study, applying a multi-method approach that integrates the interrelated analysis of architecture, stratigraphy, funerary deposits, bioanthropological indicators, and chronological sequences. The research makes it possible to identify the overarching features that characterise these collective funerary activity: (a) the architectural and functional similarity between the hypogea and tholoi; (b) the periodic remodelling and reorganisation of the burial spaces; (c) the formation of superimposed funerary levels articulated in various phases; (d) the short periods of time in each level, with a concentration of 1–5 generations; (e) the coexistence of primary and secondary funerary deposits; (f) the low minimum number of individuals and the non-existence of dissymmetric practices according to sex and/or age; (g) the uniformity of the grave goods, the fragmentation of the objects, and the deposition of offerings; and (h) reuse during the Early Bronze Age.
期刊介绍:
Open Archaeology is a forum of novel approaches to archaeological theory, methodology and practice, and an international medium for the dissemination of research data and interdisciplinary projects. Scope of the journal includes, but is not restricted to: World Archaeology - discoveries and research Archaeological science Theory and interpretation in archaeology Archaeological heritage preservation and management.