Indigenising Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Open Distance Learning

Abstract This article contributes towards an indigenised version of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). It is a conceptual framework termed indigenous-and-Western technological pedagogical content knowledge (INDANDWEST-TPACK). The article critically discusses the knowledge systems which lead to the framework. Current TPACK lacks the integration of indigenous knowledge systems and Western knowledge systems despite the literature which has attempted to indigenise TPACK. INDANDWEST-TPACK, therefore, helps to integrate indigenous knowledge systems and Western knowledge systems, especially in an open distance and e-learning (ODeL) environment. Hence, this conceptual study addresses the question: How can TPACK be modified to cater for a balance between indigenous knowledge systems and Western knowledge systems? It is important for ODeL institutions such as the University of South Africa (Unisa) to de-Westernise (reduce Western dominance) technology and its pedagogical and content delivery function by integrating indigenous knowledge to benefit students from non-Western or indigenous cultural contexts. INDANDWEST-TPACK can, therefore, contribute towards Unisa's Africanisation of the curriculum project.