Chara细胞叶绿素荧光诱导变化与叶绿体间代谢物交换和细胞质流动的关系

IF 1.1 Q4 CELL BIOLOGY
A. A. Bulychev
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引用次数: 1

摘要

叶绿素荧光的诱导变化与光合电子转移、跨膜质子梯度的产生以及二氧化碳固定循环中碳水化合物的产生有关。光合作用的反应还伴随着叶绿体光产物的流出及其远距离运输。代谢物在叶绿体包膜上的交换是由转运体进行的,这些转运体在光照下活跃,在黑暗中停止运作。Chara细胞中光依赖性包膜转运体的失活中断了空间信号传导,表现为对远处细胞区域照明的短暂荧光上升。研究发现,暗适应降低了代谢物从流动细胞质进入阴影叶绿体的水平,但对代谢物从光照质体出口的影响很小。荧光诱导曲线对位于光度测定区域外的样品区域的照明或变暗非常敏感。在弱光下观察到的整个查拉节间的缓慢荧光变化幅度明显大于荧光测定区域的窄场照明。结果表明,性状细胞在诱导期荧光的缓慢增加不仅是由于被测细胞区域叶绿体的光合作用,而且是与被分析细胞区域和邻近细胞区域相互作用的结果。当细胞质流动被细胞松弛素D阻止时,局部和全局照明也会引起类似的诱导变化,表明远程相互作用的中断。结果表明,液体流动不仅携带代谢产物从被照射的细胞部位到被遮蔽的细胞部位,而且还促进了光代谢产物从叶绿体向细胞质的出口。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Induction Changes of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Chara Cells Related to Metabolite Exchange between Chloroplasts and Cytoplasmic Flow

Abstract

Induction changes in chlorophyll fluorescence are associated with photosynthetic electron transfer, generation of the transmembrane proton gradient, and production of carbohydrates in the CO2 fixation cycle. The reactions of photosynthesis are also accompanied by the outflow of photoproducts from illuminated chloroplasts and their long-distance transport. The exchange of metabolites across the chloroplast envelope membranes is carried out by transporters that are active in the light and cease to operate in darkness. Inactivation of light-dependent envelope transporters in Chara cells interrupts spatial signaling manifested as a transient fluorescence rise in response to illumination of a distant cell area. The dark adaptation was found to down-regulate the entry of metabolites from the streaming cytoplasm into shaded chloroplasts but had rather low influence on metabolite export from illuminated plastids. Fluorescence induction curves were quite sensitive to illumination or darkening of the sample area residing outside the region of photometric assay. The amplitude of slow fluorescence changes observed under dim illumination of the whole Chara internode was substantially larger than under narrow-field illumination of the fluorescence assay region. The results indicate that the slow increase in fluorescence during the induction period in characean cells results not only from photosynthetic activity of chloroplasts in the examined cell region but also from interactions between the analyzed and neighboring cell areas. When the cytoplasmic streaming was arrested by cytochalasin D, similar induction changes were induced by local and global illumination, indicating a disruption of long-range interactions. The results suggest that the liquid flow not only carries metabolites from illuminated to shaded cell parts but also facilitates the export of photometabolites from chloroplasts to the cytoplasm.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology   is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes original articles on physical, chemical, and molecular mechanisms that underlie basic properties of biological membranes and mediate membrane-related cellular functions. The primary topics of the journal are membrane structure, mechanisms of membrane transport, bioenergetics and photobiology, intracellular signaling as well as membrane aspects of cell biology, immunology, and medicine. The journal is multidisciplinary and gives preference to those articles that employ a variety of experimental approaches, basically in biophysics but also in biochemistry, cytology, and molecular biology. The journal publishes articles that strive for unveiling membrane and cellular functions through innovative theoretical models and computer simulations.
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