国外农用地市场调控经验

O. Kireitseva, O. Zhylin
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文考察了国外农地市场运作体系的理论形成基础。分析了土地立法框架的基本参数和特殊参数、土地所有者权利和机会的保护、土地关系背景下的买卖程序。已经确定,土地改革的成功以及土地市场的实施和运作的有效性取决于其科学实证水平、国家监管和协调参与者利益的措施。土地关系受民法、行政法规范或专门针对某些类型土地关系的特别法律以及外国农业和土地改革法律的管辖。公共监管的这些关键方面包括:税收制度、信贷和金融机制、反垄断政策、专项计划。土地管理有不同程度的集中和分散,领土社区的代表机构有不同的权力来管理土地使用,土地使用的组织和法律形式以及土地资源所有权形式在不同社会政治制度的国家是不一样的。已经确定,对土地潜力的法律规定应包含在实际情况下实际应用规范的有效方面。这不仅是运作规则的规范性存在,也是确保通过土地区域内的地方当局实现国家土地潜力的实际方面。这一问题可以借鉴美国、德国、法国、意大利、波兰、塞浦路斯、以色列等国的经验进行分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Foreign regulation experience of the agricultural land market
The article examines theoretical formation foundations of functioning system of the agricultural land market in foreign countries. It is analyzed basic and special parameters of the legislative framework on land, protection of rights and opportunities of land owners, purchase and sale procedures in the context of land relations. It has been determined that the success of land reforms and the effectiveness of implementation and functioning of the land market depend on the level of their scientific substantiation, state regulation and measures to coordinate interests of its participants. Land relations are governed by norms of civil, administrative law, or by special laws dedicated to certain types of land relations, as well as laws on agrarian and land reforms in foreign countries. Such key aspects of public regulation are considered in: the taxation system, the credit and financial mechanism, antimonopoly policy, special targeted programs. There is various level of centralization and decentralization of land management, representative bodies of territorial communities that have different powers to regulate land use, organizational and legal forms of land use and forms of ownership of land resources that are not the same in countries with different socio-political systems. It has been determined that the legal regulation of land potential should contain effective aspects of the practical application of norms in real context. That is not only the normative existence of functioning rules, but also the practical aspect of ensuring the implementation of the state's land potential through local authorities within the land areas. This issue can be analyzed by the experience of foreign countries, such as the USA, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Cyprus, Israel.
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