道德意义和过度放纵

IF 1.2 2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
Utilitas Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI:10.1017/s0953820822000462
Fırat Akova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与要求过多的原则相反,要求个人牺牲太多的原则是过度宽容的原则,要求个人牺牲太少。在决定一个人应该牺牲的程度时,往往需要理解什么是具有道德意义的。通过分析对道德意义的不同解读,并挑选出一种将道德意义与获得或失去相当数量的福利联系起来的具体解释,我证明了彼得·辛格(Peter Singer)著名的原则之一——牺牲的弱原则(weak Principle of Sacrifice)——是过于宽容的,因为它将刻意培养的具有道德意义的奢侈追求从牺牲的领域中排除了出来。过度纵容不仅使道德原则不合理地宽泛,而且在比较意义上造成负担的不合理分配,即一些当事人被赋予道德义务,而另一些当事人则没有。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Moral Significance and Overpermissiveness
As opposed to overdemanding principles which ask individuals to sacrifice too much, there are overpermissive principles which ask individuals to sacrifice too little. Determining the extent to which one should sacrifice often comes with the need of understanding what is of moral significance. By analysing different readings of moral significance, and singling out one specific interpretation of moral significance which links moral significance to gaining or losing a considerable amount of welfare, I demonstrate that one of the well-known principles of Peter Singer, the Weaker Principle of Sacrifice, is overpermissive as it exempts deliberately cultivated morally significant lavish pursuits from the domain of sacrifice. Overpermissiveness not only renders moral principles unreasonably broad but also causes burdens to be distributed unjustifiably in a comparative sense, where some parties are assigned a moral obligation whereas others are not.
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来源期刊
Utilitas
Utilitas PHILOSOPHY-
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
11.10%
发文量
43
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