当代克罗地亚语教材中的语法和拼写选择

Jadranka Nemeth-Jajić
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引用次数: 0

摘要

教科书中的语言应更严格地遵守标准语言规范,这源于尊重科学功能风格的子风格——教科书风格的功能和风格特征的要求,以及规范教科书作为教学资源开发的要求和标准的法律法规。然而,不同的原因有时会导致不同但规范允许的语言和拼写解决方案,也就是说,有选择的可能性。本文讨论了这种规范允许的选择,这些选择已在2019年以来根据新课程开发的当代克罗地亚语教科书中得到证实。我们试图确定哪些经认证的语法和拼写选择在教科书中得到了确认,以及它们在多大程度上遵循了克罗地亚语言和语言学研究所出版的语法和语法手册中的规范性建议,因为这些手册已被批准供学校使用。注意在形容词(充当形容词的词)的词形变化中使用可移动/可选元音('navezak'),使用附言ju/je,所有格代词和反身所有格代名词的非收缩和收缩形式,数字dva、tri和četiri的词形变化,附言在句子中的位置,在以r结尾的辅音组后面写双元音(“pokriveno r”),写以dac、-dak、-tac、-tak、-tka结尾的名词,并用动词htjeti的附言形式写负助词ne。尽管正如预期的那样,分析的教科书在很大程度上包括了符合规范的推荐选项,即使在同一本教科书中,规则应用的一致性仍然存在差异,偶尔也会偏离规定的规范。这表明需要对教科书语言层进行更仔细的设计,尤其是考虑到教科书的语言也有助于标准的采用以及学生语言文化的习得和发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Grammar and Spelling Choices in Contemporary Croatian Language Textbooks
The language in textbooks should comply with the standard language norm more strictly, which results from the requirement to respect functional and stylistic features of textbook style, which is a substyle of scientific functional style, and from laws and bylaws regulating the requirements and standards for the development of textbooks as teaching resources. Different reasons, however, sometimes lead to different, yet normatively allowed linguistic and spelling solutions, that is, there is a possibility of choice. This paper discusses such, normatively allowed choices, which have been confirmed in contemporary Croatian language textbooks, developed according to the new curriculum since 2019. We tried to determine which certified grammar and spelling choices were confirmed in the textbooks and how much they follow the normative recommendations found in the grammar and spelling manuals published by the Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics, given that these manuals were approved for school use. Attention is paid to the use of movable/optional vowel (‘navezak’) in the declension of adjectival words (words functioning as adjectives), the use of enclitics ju/je, non-contracted and contracted forms of possessive pronouns and the reflexive-possessive pronoun, the declension of the numbers dva, tri and četiri, the position of enclitics in a sentence, writing the diphthong after a consonant group ending in r (‘pokriveno r’), writing nouns ending in dac, -dak, -tac, -tak, -tka and writing the negative particle ne with the enclitic form of the verb htjeti, Although the analyzed textbooks, as expected, to a large extent include the recommended choices complying with the norm, there are still differences in the consistency of the application of the rules, even within the same textbook, with occasional deviations from the prescribed norm. This points to the need for a more careful design of textbook language layer, especially if considering that the language of textbooks also contributes to the adoption of the standard and the acquisition and development of the student’s linguistic culture.
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