希腊、乌拉圭与英国非正式帝国:从国家叙事到全球历史

Q3 Arts and Humanities
Historein Pub Date : 2021-07-06 DOI:10.12681/HISTOREIN.19500
Sakis Gekas, C. Acosta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文采用比较全球史的方法,通过英国非正式帝国统治的棱镜来反思希腊和乌拉圭的历史。它比较和对比了英国非正规帝国在希腊和乌拉圭融入19世纪末全球化经济中的作用和影响。这篇文章的目的有两个:反思每个国家的过去,更好地了解它们,并将希腊和乌拉圭的历史融入全球化的历史。为了实现这一点,我们考察了每个国家在全球化经济中的地位,以及每个国家“表现”不同的原因;乌拉圭经历了该地区和世界上最高的生活水平,而希腊则陷入了战争和侵略性民族主义政策的泥潭,这些政策导致了领土(以及市场)的大幅扩张,国家财政为此付出了巨大代价——这段历史以1893年违约等经济失败为标志。然而,即使是那场危机,也会产生不同的结果,这取决于每个国家在全球化的英国非正式帝国中的地位。这篇文章展示了英国金融和商业秩序塑造的融入全球化经济的两条不同道路——这种秩序通常是在征得同意的情况下实施的,偶尔也是通过胁迫实施的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Greece, Uruguay and the British Informal Empire: From National Narratives to Global History
This article adopts a comparative global history approach to reflect on the histories of Greece and Uruguay through the prism of British informal imperial rule. It compares and contrasts the role and impact of the British informal empire on Greece and Uruguay’s economic integration into the globalising economy of the late nineteenth century. The aim of this article is twofold: to reflect on each country’s past to gain a better understanding of them, and to integrate the histories of Greece and Uruguay into the history of globalisation. To achieve this, we examine the place of each country in the globalising economy and the reasons why each country “performed” differently; Uruguay experienced some of the highest living standards in the region and the world while Greece was mired in wars and aggressive nationalist policies that lead to significant territorial (and therefore market) expansion at significant cost to state finances – a history that was marked by economic failures such as the default of 1893. Even that crisis, however, produced different outcomes depending on each country’s place in the globalising British informal empire. This article shows two different paths of integration into a globalising economy shaped by the British financial and commercial order – an order often imposed with consent and occasionally through coercion.
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来源期刊
Historein
Historein Arts and Humanities-History
CiteScore
0.20
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22
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