Extreme temperature and storm exacerbations of pediatric asthma: evidence and prevention strategies

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children and a main cause of hospitalizations, with substantial costs to patients, families, and society. Existing disparities in asthma will likely be impacted by the increasing adverse consequences of climate change and the disproportionate impact on low-income and minority communities. Increased extreme temperatures, weather events, air pollution, and allergens linked to climate change exacerbate pediatric asthma. There is a need for greater understanding of the climate change-related risk factors specifically impacting pediatric asthma exacerbations, increased attention to health disparities, and development of strategies for prevention and management. This perspective piece describes selected research on temperature and storm-related asthma exacerbations in children and includes a discussion on possible mechanisms for weather phenomena and climate change associations, research gaps, and possible solutions related to secondary prevention (figure 1).