评述弗朗索瓦·勒弗劳,诺埃尔·克莱克(编),平等。跨学科的观点,Cham, Palgrave Macmillan/施普林格自然,第1版,2021,356页

IF 0.3 Q4 ECONOMICS
H. Șerban
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引用次数: 0

摘要

莱弗劳和他的同事们创作了一部巨著,致力于探讨社会两极分化时期的平等问题。平等被理解为一个多层面的概念,是人权、团结甚至自由等社会重要方面的基础,也是主体如何构思、执行和体验这些方面的基础;如果没有平等的总体理念,这些成就是不可能实现的。这一观察揭示了人类试图理解平等的理论、社会和实践方面的漫长历史。本书广泛地探讨了这一观点,从多学科的角度调查了平等的概念,其中关于平等和福利的各种理论与现实世界中关于平等的具体数据相结合。我们强调平等和福利国家之间有价值的区别,尤其是因为,正如罗伯特·e·古丁(Robert E. Goodin)注意到的那样,尽管福利国家的正当性在很大程度上存在于社会平等的原则中,但“福利国家并不是真正的平等主义”,它的目标是“仅仅重新分配某些严格有限的社会资源;它关注的是最低标准,而不是彻底的平等;它关注的是重新调整最终分配,而不是生产性资产的基本持有,等等”(Goodin 1988,第51页)。对平等的研究分为三个部分。第一部分名为“理论与历史”,涵盖了概念方面,涉及政治哲学、历史和多元文化理论。辩论是
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Review of François Levrau, Noel Clycq (eds.), Equality. Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Cham, Palgrave Macmillan/ Springer Nature, 1 st Edition, 2021, 356 pp
Levrau and have produced a monumental editorial work, dedicated to the topic of equality in times of great social polarization. Equality understood as a multidimensional concept is fundamental for the vital aspects of society such as human rights, solidarity and even freedom and how these are to be conceived implemented and experienced by subjects; these are accomplishments which do not occur without an overarching idea of equality. This observation sheds some light on the long history of the human attempts to understand the theoretical, social, and practical aspects of equality. The present book explores this idea extensively, investigating the concept of equality from a multidisciplinary perspective, where a diverse range of theories about equality and welfare are combined with concrete data about equality in the real world. We emphasize the valuable distinction between equality and the welfare state, especially since, as Robert E. Goodin noticed, although the justification for the welfare state resides for the most part in the principles of social equality, ‘the welfare state is not really very egalitarian’, aiming to redistribute ‘only a certain strictly limited set of social resources; it is concerned with minimum standards, not thoroughgoing equalization; it is concerned to readjust final distributions, not basic holdings of productive assets, and so on’ (Goodin 1988, p. 51). The research into equality is structured in three parts. The first part is entitled ‘Theories & Histories’ and covers the conceptual aspects, with reference to political philosophy, history, and multicultural theory. The debates are
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