Drivers of Energy R&D in Manufacturing Industries

1. Motivation underlying the research The agreement reached at the Paris Summit to hold the increase in the global average temperature to below 2 oC poses significant challenges for the energy sector that require new efforts in R&D and innovation. The shortfall in energy R&D is of particular concern when seen in the light of the major technological challenges that face the sector. However, while many reports and papers stress that the internal R&D of energy utilities remains low to meet these challenges, utilities are not the only sector investing in energy-related R&D. In fact, many other industries devote a share of their research expenditure to energy issues.