A dataset of dynamic habitat indexes with a resolution of 500m on the Mongolian Plateau (2001-2018)

Located in the plateau region of the hinterland of Eurasia, the Mongolian Plateau has vegetation covers, including forest, forest steppe, typical steppe, desert steppe, and gobi desert, etc. It is effective to use FAPAR data to monitor the changes of biodiversity on the Mongolian Plateau. Based on FAPAR data, we used ArcGIS and Python program to synthesize monthly maximum values, and in combination with the dynamic habitat index (DHI), we obtained a dataset of dynamic habitat indexes with a resolution of 500m from 2001 to 2018, including the spatial distribution of long-term series DHI on the Mongolian Plateau. The geographic scope of the dataset covers Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, all over Mongolia and Southern Russia, with a time series of 2001–2018. The data is stored in “.tif” format. Through data sharing, the dataset is expected to provide data support for the research on the spatial distribution of the biodiversity and species richness as well as the prediction of species distribution in the future on the Mongolian Plateau.