Determination of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of leaf extracts of Plumbago zeylanica (Amira)

Abstract Traditionally, the leaves of Plumbago Zeylanica were used for the treatment of several diseases. Herein, we report phytochemical analysis, total flavonoid and phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts of the plant. The phytochemical analysis test of the extracts showed the presence of biologically important compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and glycosides. Moreover, the total flavonoid content of 69.566, 66.966, and 59.133 mgQE/100 g was obtained from methanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether extracts respectively. And the total phenolic content of methanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether extracts were 82.738, 69.784, and 51.630 mgGAE/g dry samples. The extracts have promising antioxidant and antibacterial activity against S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus), S. pyogens (Streptococcus pyogens), E. coli (Escherichia coli), and K. peneumona (Klebsiella pneumonia). The high antibacterial and antioxidant activity was found for methanol extract of the leaf extract of P. Zeylanica is attributing to the presence of polar phytochemicals such as; flavonoids, phenolic, and glycosidic groups in the crude extract obtained from maceration of polar solvents.