唐纳德·j·特朗普:杰克逊式的少数派主义者?

IF 0.1 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
T. Cobb
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引用次数: 0

摘要

“杰克逊主义者”的标签为这个看似反常的总统职位增添了一种定义感和历史先例。将唐纳德·特朗普与安德鲁·杰克逊总统(杰克逊主义的创始人)进行比较,人们认为杰克逊主义哲学体现了多数民族主义、外交现实主义和美国白人男性劳动阶级的卓越地位。从《纽约时报》记者到国际关系理论家,各种各样的评论员都应用了这种解读。通过研究杰克逊主义不断变化的范式,从19世纪20年代的萌芽到特朗普的民粹主义,本文强调了其信条如何逐渐转变为“少数主义”现象的一部分。特朗普在2016年总统大选中获胜,尽管他在普选中失利,也未能赢得弗吉尼亚等前共和党州的胜利,这表明,在这场竞选中,人们认为杰克逊式的复兴在很大程度上依赖于中西部工业地区的经济衰退。这与杰克逊派在罗斯福和罗纳德•里根(Ronald Reagan)任内的选择形成了鲜明对比,后者的第一届任期导致了全面的全国性滑坡。由于缺乏更广泛的支持,特朗普与不断减少的未受过大学教育的白人男性选民的亲密关系,成为他担任总统的存在动力。我的研究传达了安德鲁·杰克逊(Andrew Jackson)多数主义的逆转,强调杰克逊主义的生存现在取决于巩固2016年总统选举结果所暗示的那种少数主义影响。这一分析,连同我对杰克逊主义的历史编纂,确立了这一重要的美国意识形态所经历的变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Donald J. Trump: Jacksonian Minoritarian?
The label of the ‘Jacksonian’ has served to add a sense of definition and historical precedent to a seemingly anomalous presidency. Comparisons between Donald Trump and President Andrew Jackson (the progenitor for the Jacksonian creed) have hinged on the perception that the Jacksonian philosophy purveys belief in majoritarian nationalism, diplomatic realism and the preeminence of America’s white male labouring class. Commentators as diverse as New York Times journalists and International Relations theorists have applied such readings. Through investigating the changing paradigms of the Jacksonian, from its incipience in the 1820s to its ascription in Trump’s populism, this article underlines how its shibboleths have gradually shifted towards becoming part of a ‘minoritarian’ phenomenon. Trump’s victory in the 2016 presidential election, which was achieved in spite of his loss of the popular vote and failure to win former Republican states such as Virginia, indicated that the Jacksonian resurgence perceived in this contest was heavily dependent on the economic decline of the industrial Midwest. This contrasts with the cooption of the Jacksonian under FDR and Ronald Reagan, whose first terms resulted from comprehensive national landslides. Because of this lack of broader support, Trump’s affinity with a decreasing population of white male non-college educated voters forms the existential driver of his presidency. Conveying a reversal of Andrew Jackson’s majoritarianism, my research highlights that Jacksonian survival now hinges on consolidating the kind of minoritarian influence implied by the results of the 2016 presidential election. This analysis, along with my historiography of the Jacksonian, establishes the changes undergone by this significant American ideology.
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来源期刊
AMERICAN STUDIES IN SCANDINAVIA
AMERICAN STUDIES IN SCANDINAVIA HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
0.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: American Studies in Scandinavia, the journal of the Nordic Association for American Studies, is published twice each year, and carries scholarly articles and reviews on a wide range of American Studies topics and disciplines, including history, literature, politics, geography, media, language, diplomacy, race, ethnicity, economics, law, culture and society. American Studies in Scandinavia is sponsored by the National Councils for Research in Science and the Humanities in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, the journal is published by Odense University Press with the financial support of the Nordic Publications Committee for Humanist Periodicals.
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