Activación y control de enfermedad de pacientes en tratamiento crónico con hemodiálisis: un estudio observacional

Background and objective

Patient activation is a concept that refers to the willingness to manage one's health and medical care. To assess it, a patient activation measure (PAM) has been developed and validated. Several studies report low activation in patients with chronic diseases. However, information on activation in hemodialysis patients is scarce. The aim of the present study is to describe the activation level of patients on chronic treatment in an HD unit and its relationship with disease control parameters.

Materials and methods

Cross-sectional observational study in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease on chronic HD treatment. Ninety-six patients were included. Activation was measured with the PAM-13 questionnaire. Its relationship with descriptive variables (age, sex, comorbidity, studies, habitat) and disease control variables (vascular access, blood flow, potassaemia, phosphataemia, interdialytic gain) was studied. For this purpose, Spearman's correlation test, multiple linear regression model and logistic model were used as statistical methods.

Results

The mean (SD) PAM-13 score was 63.19 (15.21). Activation was significantly associated with vascular access (P = .003), blood flow (P = .024), and interdialytic gain of patients (P = .008).

Conclusions

Activation in patients on chronic hemodialysis treatment is low. Higher activation is related having an arteriovenous fistula, higher blood flow and lower interdialytic gain. Future studies are needed to confirm and apply our results.