工业化农场和混合型小农户养分利用效率与损失&来自华北平原的经验教训

IF 3.6 4区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI:10.15302/J-FASE-2020371

Yifei Ma, Ling Zhang, Z. Bai, R. Jiang, Y. Hou, Lin Ma

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引用次数: 5

摘要

在过去的30年里，中国工业化畜牧业的比例有所增加，这提高了畜牧业的表现，但导致了作物和畜牧业生产的脱钩。在此，我们旨在基于NUFER农场模型量化华北平原不同畜牧系统的养分流动、养分利用效率和养分损失。2016-2018年期间，通过对猪和奶制品（41个畜牧场）的面对面调查收集了活动数据。这两个系统包括工业农场和混合小农场。在混合型小农场中，4.0%和9.6%的猪和奶饲料干物质（DM）来自家庭农田，但4.8%和9.3%的粪肥DM回收到家庭农田。在动物水平、畜群水平和系统水平上，工业农场的养分利用效率高于混合小农场。为了在动物产品中生产1公斤氮和磷，工业养猪场的营养损失（2.0公斤氮和1.3公斤磷）低于混合养猪场，工业奶牛场的营养流失（2.7公斤氮和2.2公斤磷）略高于混合养猪场

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NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND LOSSES OF INDUSTRIAL FARMS AND MIXED SMALLHOLDINGS: LESSONS FROM THE NORTH CHINA PLAIN

The proportion of industrial livestock in China has increased over the past 30 years, which increases animal performance but causes the decoupling of crop and livestock production. Here, we aimed to quantify nutrient flows, nutrient use efficiency, and nutrient losses in different livestock systems in the North China Plain based on the NUFER-farm model. Activity data were collected by face-to-face surveys on pig and dairy (41 livestock farms) during 2016–2018. The two systems included industrial farms and mixed smallholdings. In mixed smallholdings, 4.0% and 9.6% of pig and dairy feed dry matter (DM) were derived from household farmland, but 4.8% and 9.3% of manure DM recycled to household farmland. Nutrient use efficiency in industrial farms was higher than in mixed smallholdings at animal level, herd level, and system level. To produce 1 kg N and P in animal products, nutrient losses in industrial pig farms (2.0 kg N and 1.3 kg P) were lower than in mixed pig smallholdings, nutrient losses in industrial dairy farms (2.7 kg N and 2.2 kg P) were slightly higher than in mixed

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来源期刊

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering AGRONOMY-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

2.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering (FASE) is an international journal for research on agricultural science and engineering. The journal’s aim is to report advanced and innovative scientific proceedings in agricultural field including Crop Science, Agricultural Biotechnology, Horticulture, Plant Protection, Agricultural Engineering, Forestry Engineering, Agricultural Resources, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Applied Ecology, Forestry and Fisheries. FASE is committed to provide a high level scientific and professional forum for researchers worldwide to publish their original findings and to utilize these novel findings to benefit the society.