Evolution of bioinformatics and its impact on modern bio-science in the twenty-first century: Special attention to pharmacology, plant science and drug discovery

Bioinformatics is inherently an innovative field that is situated at the limit of life and computer sciences that allowed new technological advances in genome sequencing, data processing, predication and simplified the treatment of complex and huge data. This field is related on two common approaches namely; in silico and molecular docking-dynamic experimentations to improve and clarify the scientific perception of ligand-receptor interactions, especially of those molecules involved in the drug elaboration process. This discipline has emerged to replace the traditional approach of drug discovery which was very limited, very expensive, and didn’t always provide the expected results. The objective of this review is to report the key events that have marked the bioinformatics sector during these last few years but also to underline the key elements that have contributed to its success especially in the sectors of pharmacy, biotechnology, bioengineering, and teaching but also on scientific community cooperation. This review will also discuss cutting-edge technology and bioinformatics characteristics in order to clarify some ambiguities in this area.