Dynamics of lipid content in the fetus and amniotic fluid of cattle

Cite this article: Kambur, M. D. (2019). Dynamics of lipid content in the fetus and amniotic fluid of cattle. Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine, 7(1), 14‒20. doi: 10.32819/2019.71003 Abstract. The neсеssity in the lipids for an organism during the prenatal period of ontogenesis is satisfied, in particular with the mother’s body, by means of their transport through the placental barrier. The article provides data on the specifics of the use of lipids in the fetus during the gestation period. Features of use of lipids in the fetus of cattle during the period of gestation are discussed. In blood samples of fetus of different age gestation (group І – 1-2 months (n = 10); group II – 3-5 months (n = 15); group III – 6-7 months (n = 16); group IV – 8-9 months (n = 16) and the content of the main classes of lipids (total phospholipid fraction, phosphoryl choline, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols) was determined. It is established, that content of total phospholipid fraction in the blood of fetus from the beginning of the embryonic period to the end of gestation, was reduced by 1.69 times, but in an amniotic fluid it was unreliable increased by 1.07 times. It was proved that the content of phosphorylcholine in the blood of the fetus during the whole period of its gestation decreased by 1.65 times, and in amniotic fluid – by 1.24 times. Cholesterol of amniotic fluid is the highest at end of the early fetal period – to 1.43 times more than in the late fetal period, and 1.53 times more than fetal period of gestation. It is revealed the gradual reduction of content of cholesterol in the blood of the fetus during gestation to 2.05 times and amniotic fluid at 1.38 times. It was established that the content phosphorylcholine in the first two fetation periods almost did not differ and at the end of the late fetal period of gestation was in amniotic fluid by 1.25–1.29–1.07 times more than in previous periods of gestation of the fetus. In the blood of the fetuses at the prenatal period, the content of triacylglycerols was reliable decreased in comparison with the late fetal period in 1.45 times. In the amniotic fluid, the content of the total fraction of triacylglycerols in the late fetal period of gestation of the fetus was decreased and was 1.26 times smaller. The most intensive use of lipids by fetus was observed in the early fetal period of gestation (3–5th month of gestation) and in the fetal period (8–9 months of gestation). During the aforementioned periods, the weight of the fetal body was increased.