A Comparison of Microbial Communities of Mango and Orange Residues for Bioprospecting of Biosurfactant Producers

Plants and their derivatives, such as fruits, can be inhabited by different bacteria. However, this microbiota is still poorly studied. Among the wide variety of metabolites that bacteria produce, biosurfactants have been identified as potential molecules in the development of bioprocesses for various industrial sectors. In this work, we analyzed and compared the microbiota of fruit residues (mango and orange), in order to compare two possible sources of bioprospecting. For this, a bioinformatics approach was used to perform the taxonomic analysis and the prediction of the functional profile of the microbiota present in the samples. The results showed that the microbiota present in both fruit residues have the potential in biotechnological applications to produce biosurfactants, as these microbiota have genes related to the biosynthesis of these compounds. The common core of the microbiota present in the samples—Stenotrophomonas, Klebsiella, Serratia and Citrobacter—proved, according to the literature, to be composed of biosurfactant producers, showing the biosurfactant potential of the bacteria isolated from orange and mango residues.