Vav1,一种造血信号转导分子,作为一种衔接蛋白在健康和疾病中的作用

S. Katzav
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引用次数: 0

摘要

正常细胞的生长和分化由蛋白酪氨酸激酶控制,蛋白酪氨酸激酶作为多种外部信号的受体。称为Src同源性2(SH2)和SH3结构域的小蛋白质模块介导由蛋白质酪氨酸激酶触发的信号通路中的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。SH2结构域是一种约100个氨基酸的蛋白质模块,存在于细胞内的酪氨酸激酶靶标中。SH2结构域通过直接识别酪氨酸磷酸化位点被募集到活化和自磷酸化的生长因子受体。生长因子受体和其他磷蛋白具有通过SH2结构域结合的短磷酸酪氨酸(pTyr)序列。SH3结构域是一种由大约50个残基组成的独特元件,识别富含脯氨酸和疏水性氨基酸的区域,经常在含有SH2的蛋白质中发现。酪氨酸激酶可以通过具有SH2和SH3结构域作为衔接子的蛋白质与具有SH3结合位点的下游靶标偶联。这些复杂而精确的生物化学信号通路导致基因表达、细胞骨架结构和细胞代谢的调节。SH2/SH3蛋白在T细胞信号传导中的作用将进行讨论。特别关注具有SH2/SH3结构域Vav1的造血信号转换器在健康和癌症中的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Role of Vav1, a hematopoietic signal transduction molecule, as an adaptor protein in health and disease
The growth and differentiation of normal cells are controlled by protein-tyrosine kinases, which serve as receptors for a wide variety of external signals. Small protein modules called Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3 domains mediate protein-protein interactions in signaling pathways that are triggered by protein tyrosine kinases. The SH2 domain, a protein module of around 100 amino acids, is present in tyrosine kinase targets within the cell. SH2 domains are recruited to activated and autophosphorylated growth factor receptors by directly recognizing tyrosine phosphorylation sites. Growth factor receptors and other phosphoproteins have short phosphotyrosine (pTyr)-containing sequences that are bound by SH2 domains. The SH3 domain, a distinct element of approximately 50 residues that recognizes proline-rich and hydrophobic-amino-acid-containing regions, is frequently found in SH2-containing proteins. Tyrosine kinases can be coupled to downstream targets with SH3-binding sites by proteins with SH2 and SH3 domains acting as adaptors. These intricate and precise biochemical signaling pathways result in the regulation of gene expression, cytoskeletal architecture, and cell metabolism. The role of SH2/SH3 proteins in T cell signaling will be discussed. A special focus will be on the role of the hematopoietic signal transducer with SH2/SH3 domains, Vav1, in health and cancer.
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