无人驾驶飞机能见度的建模

IF 1.3 Q3 REMOTE SENSING
P. Highland, J. Williams, M. Yazvec, A. Dideriksen, N. Corcoran, K. Woodruff, C. Thompson, L. Kirby, E. Chun, H. Kousheh, J. Stoltz, T. Schnell
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引用次数: 5

摘要

随着越来越多的无人驾驶飞机(UA)每天在空中飞行,本已很高的有人驾驶飞机对UA的暴露率继续增长。飞行员和规则制定机构意识到,UA的可见性是一种真实的、但未量化的威胁,对“看到并避免”概念下的行动构成威胁。为了最终量化威胁,本文利用收集的经验数据以及之前关于影响能见度因素的工作,构建了一个新的基于对比度的UA能见度模型。这项工作表明UA的可见性 <如果有人驾驶飞机和UA在“看见并避开”概念下运行时处于碰撞路线上,1300米将使空中碰撞成为严重威胁。同样,这项工作还表明,当UA能见度为 <400米。这项工作验证了飞行员和规则制定机构的担忧,证明了UA的能见度距离 <1300米和<400米在现实世界中经常发生。最后,该模型生成了UA可见性查找表,这些表可能对美国联邦航空管理局和国际民用航空组织等规则制定机构有用,以供未来在证明探测和规避操作的等效性方面开展工作。在此之前,飞行员在UA附近以较慢的空速飞行可能会提高安全裕度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Modelling of unmanned aircraft visibility for see-and-avoid operations
With more unmanned aircraft (UA) becoming airborne each day, an already high manned aircraft to UA exposure rate continues to grow. Pilots and rulemaking authorities realize that UA visibility is a real, but unquantified, threat to operations under the see-and-avoid concept. To finally quantify the threat, a novel contrast-based UA visibility model is constructed here using collected empirical data as well as previous work on the factors affecting visibility. This work showed that UA visibility <1300 m makes a midair collision a serious threat if a manned aircraft and a UA are on a collision course while operating under the see-and-avoid concept. Similarly, this work also showed that a midair collision may be unavoidable when UA visibility is <400 m. Validating pilot and rulemaking authority concerns, this work demonstrated that UA visibility distances <1300 and <400 m occur often in the real world. Finally, the model produced UA visibility lookup tables that may prove useful to rulemaking authorities such as the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration and International Civil Aviation Organization for future work in the proof of equivalency of detect and avoid operations. Until then, pilots flying at slower airspeeds in the vicinity of UA may improve safety margins.
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CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
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2
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