Diprosopus Associated with Chiari II Malformation and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Case Report from Ethiopia and Review of the Literatures

Background: Diprosopus is exceedingly rare variant of symmetric conjoined twinning having single neck and body with wide spectrum of duplication of the craniofacial structures. This case is reported to highlight the rarest variant of diprosopus. Case presentation: A 22 years old gravida two para one mother has undergone termination of pregnancy for prenatally diagnosed Chiari II malformation (CM-II) diagnosed by two dimensional ultrasound (2D US) in JUMC. She expelled a male, mono-cephalic diprosopus abortus, having two faces with mirror image to each other. Each face has two eyes, one mouth, one nose, midline cleft lip and palate, one lateral ear, chins with micrognathia. Additionally it has hydrocephalus and spina bifida. Conclusion: Presence of abnormal shape of the head and neural tube defects on conventional 2D US should encourage clinician to evaluate with 3D US not to miss other associated craniofacial malformations.