Nano–Stem Cell Interactions: Applications Versus Implications

Understanding nano–stem cell interactions plays a significant role in fostering both innovative and safe implementation of nanotechnology in stem cell research. Herein, we reviewed the recent advances of engineered nanomaterials and nanotechnologies in stem cell engineering and highlighted the key parameters that led to beneficial effects toward stem cell proliferation or differentiation. Meanwhile, we brought attention to the nanomaterials characteristics that contributed to toxic effects on stem cells with the hope to appeal balanced studies in the future by considering both the applications and implications of nanotechnologies.