浮选尾矿中重金属对植被植物的影响

IF 0.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
O. Jelea, C. Baciu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Baia Mare矿区的贵金属和贱金属矿石含有Au、Ag、Cu、Pb和Zn,在加工过程中,产生了大量浮选尾矿,这些尾矿沉积在Bozânta尾矿管理设施中,该设施位于Săsar和BogântaMare村之间,位于Baia Mare以西4公里处。由于存在含有金属硫化物(主要是黄铁矿)的矿物,酸性岩石排水(ARD)在铁和硫氧化细菌的催化下变得非常活跃,这些细菌自然存在于这些地点。蒸发导致池塘表面减少,再加上海滩表面的增加和堤脊没有任何保护,导致风在相当长的距离内夹带尾矿。由于东北-西南方向的盛行风,它们经常会出现在邻近的定居点,尤其是上述两个村庄。本研究的目的是测试一些植物物种(Sinapis alba L.——白芥菜;Trifolium pratense L.——红三叶草和Lolium perenne L.——射线草)对尾矿库表面尾矿产生的条件的抵抗力,以形成植被覆盖,减少邻近地区的尾矿排放。测试了从尾矿库获得的工业洗脱液(酸性矿井水,pH 4.3)对种子发芽参数的影响:发芽能力(GC);发芽能(GE)和相对种子发芽率(RG)。测试结果指出,受影响最小的是白芥末:GC–95.3%;对照样品和GE试验中获得的值的差异——5.3%;RG–99.3%的结果证实,白芥菜种子受工业洗脱液的影响最小,其次是射线草和红三叶草。在尾矿库上的植物生长测试中,使用了5种实验变体:a)土壤(S);b) 浮选尾矿(T);c) 浮选尾矿与土壤的混合物(T+S);d) 浮选尾矿和有机沸石材料的混合物(T+OZ);e) 浮选尾矿、有机沸石材料和土壤的混合物(T+OZ+S)。建议在池塘表面使用T+OZ+S混合物,并与白水仙和红车轴草一起播种。对于这两个物种,建议双种子播种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS, CONTAINED IN FLOTATION TAILINGS, ON PLANTS USED IN REVEGETATION
During the processing of precious and base metal ores from the Baia Mare mining area, which contained Au, Ag, Cu, Pb and Zn, large amounts of flotation tailings resulted, which were deposited in the Bozânta tailings management facility, located between Săsar and Bozânta Mare villages, 4 km west of Baia Mare. Due to the presence of minerals containing metal sulphides (mainly pyrite), the acid rock drainage (ARD) has become very active, catalysed by iron- and sulphur-oxidizing bacteria, which naturally occur at these sites. Decreasing the surface of the pond as a result of evaporation, combined with the increase of the beach surface and the absence of any protection at the embankment ridge, led to the entrainment of the tailings by wind at considerable distances. They often end up in neighbouring settlements, especially in the two mentioned villages, as a result of prevailing winds from the NE-SW direction. The purpose of the research was to test the resistance of some plant species (Sinapis alba L. – white mustard; Trifolium pratense L. – red clover and Lolium perenne L. – ray grass) to the conditions generated by the tailings on the surface of the depot, in order to create a vegetation cover with a role in diminishing tailings discharges in the adjacent areas. There were tested the effects of the industrial eluate (acid mine water, pH 4.3), obtained from the tailings pond, over seed germination parameters: germination capacity (GC); germinative energy (GE) and relative seed germination (RG). The results of the tests pointed out that the least affected was white mustard: GC – 95.3%; the differences in the values obtained in the control samples and the GE test – 5.3%; the results for RG – 99.3%, confirm that the white mustard seeds were the least influenced by the industrial eluate, followed by ray grass and red clover. In the tests for plant growth on the tailings pond, 5 experimental variants were used: a) soil (S); b) flotation tailings (T); c) mixture of flotation tailings and soil (T+S); d) mixture of flotation tailings and organo-zeolitic material (T+OZ); e) mixture of flotation tailings, organo-zeolitic material and soil (T+OZ+S). It is recommended to use the T+OZ+S mixture on the pond surface and sowing with Sinapis alba and Trifolium pratense. For both species, double seed sowing is recommended.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
25.00%
发文量
42
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The publishing of CARPATHIAN JOURNAL of EARTH and ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES has started in 2006. The regularity of this magazine is biannual. The magazine will publish scientific works, in international purposes, in different areas of research, such as : geology, geography, environmental sciences, the environmental pollution and protection, environmental chemistry and physic, environmental biodegradation, climatic exchanges, fighting against natural disasters, protected areas, soil degradation, water quality, water supplies, sustainable development.
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