Management of a flare up case after endodontic treatment procedure

A flare-up is defined as a pain and/or swelling of the soft tissues that occurs within a few hours or a few days following the root canal treatment. In some cases, the flare-ups can appear after the finishing of the root canal treatment, due to the penetration or development of the microorganisms into the root canal. The pain felt by the patient depends on the extent of the periradicular tissue injury, its severity and intensity of the inflammatory immune response. The article discusses the microbial irritation of apical periodontal tissue caused by insufficient instrumentation and filling of the root canals, factors that lead to failure of the outcome of root canals treatment.