自愿报告的障碍和促进因素及其对安全文化的影响

IF 1 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED
Katherine Darveau, D. Hannon
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引用次数: 4

摘要

摘要目标:确定有效的自愿报告系统运作的障碍和促进因素。背景:由于人为失误在高风险行业的事故和事件中占很大比例,制定法规和指南的联邦机构推广各种安全管理技术,包括更强大的安全数据收集。VRS旨在通过员工披露所犯错误和违规行为来识别和解决“未遂事件”(在导致负面结果之前发现的错误)。尽管VRS具有价值,但却没有得到充分利用。方法:进行文献综述,以了解成功的安全管理实践和挑战,并确定事故、事件和未遂事件的报告要求(依赖于自愿披露)。探讨了几个VRS在政策、流程和效用方面的差异,并确定了共同的主题。然后对VRS开发人员、用户和管理人员进行了访谈,以进一步探讨这些主题。结果:文献综述将重点缩小到过程和产品安全问题的机密、非统一的VRS,如航空安全行动计划(ASAP)。共同主题暴露了VRS有效运作、参与和使用报告数据的8类障碍和促进者。文献综述验证并阐述了这些障碍,并根据个人观察和经验提供了解决方案(主持人)。结论:与有效和无效VRS操作相关的一致主题可以用来提高VRS的参与度和错误预测和预防能力的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Barriers and Facilitators to Voluntary Reporting and Their Impact on Safety Culture
ABSTRACT Objective: Determine barriers and facilitators to effective voluntary reporting system (VRS) operation. Background: As human error accounts for a larger portion of accidents and incidents in high-risk industries, federal agencies that define regulations and guidelines promote various safety management techniques, including more robust safety data collection. VRSs aim to identify and address “near misses” (errors identified before resulting in negative outcomes) through employee disclosure of committed errors and violations. Despite their value, VRSs are underutilized. Method: A literature review was conducted to understand successful safety management practices and challenges, and define reporting requirements for accidents, incidents, and near misses (which rely on voluntary disclosure). Variations in the policies, processes, and utility of several VRSs were explored, and common themes were identified. Interviews were then conducted with VRS developers, users, and managers to further explore these themes. Results: The literature review narrowed the focus to confidential, nonpunitive VRSs for process and product safety concerns, such as the Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP). Common themes exposed 8 categories of barriers and facilitators to effective VRS operation, participation, and use of report data. The literature review verified and elaborated on these barriers, and offered solutions (facilitators) based on personal observations and experiences. Conclusion: Consistent themes associated with effective and ineffective VRS operation can be used to improve VRS participation and the effectiveness of error prediction and prevention capabilities.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.70%
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