儿童在日常环境中接触气味可以预测他们的气味意识

IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 Neuroscience
Lenka Martinec Nováková, Radka Vojtušová Mrzílková
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引用次数: 15

摘要

据报道,在儿童和成人的心理物理嗅觉表现和气味意识的测量中,个体间存在很大程度的差异。先前的研究表明,可能导致这种差异的因素之一可能是日常环境中所经历的气味暴露程度。在本研究中,我们假设儿童在更频繁的基础上接触到更多种类的气味,表现出更高的气味识别、辨别和气味意识得分。我们发现,气味暴露对儿童嗅觉知识的一个方面有影响,这反映在他们的嗅觉行为报告中,但对嗅觉能力没有影响。在这样做的过程中,我们重复了一些先前在文献中关于女性在嗅觉领域的优势的发现。也就是说,我们报告说,女孩对自己的嗅觉表现出更深刻的元认知理解,并表现出更大程度的嗅觉导向行为,这并不是语言流畅性的性别差异所造成的。然而,在任何嗅觉测试中,女孩的表现都没有超过男孩。对语言能力强的儿童进行半纵向和纵向研究,采用儿童气味暴露和重复嗅觉测试的自我和父母报告,可以深入了解儿童是否在更长的时间内更频繁地接触更多种类的气味,从而在嗅觉测试中表现出更强的气味意识和更好的表现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Children’s exposure to odors in everyday contexts predicts their odor awareness

A great degree of interindividual variability has been reported in measures of psychophysical olfactory performance and odor awareness in both children and adults. Previous studies have suggested the possibility that one of the factors that might contribute to this variability could be the degree of odor exposure experienced in everyday contexts.

In the present study, we hypothesized that children exposed to a greater variety of odors on a more frequent basis exhibit higher odor identification, discrimination, and odor awareness scores.

We have found an effect of odor exposure on one aspect of the children’s olfactory knowledge as reflected in their reports of olfactory behavior, but not olfactory abilities. In so doing, we have replicated some of the previous findings in the literature of the female advantage in the olfactory domain. Namely, we report that girls showed a more profound metacognitive understanding of their sense of smell and a greater degree of olfaction-oriented behavior, which was not accounted for by a gender difference in verbal fluency. Nevertheless, girls did not outperform boys on any of the olfactory tests.

Semi-longitudinal and longitudinal studies in verbally proficient children, employing both self- and parental reports of children’s odor exposure and repeated olfactory testing, may provide insight into whether children exposed more frequently to a greater variety of odors over the longer term come to exhibit greater odor awareness and superior performance in olfactory tests.

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来源期刊
Chemosensory Perception
Chemosensory Perception 农林科学-神经科学
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: Coverage in Chemosensory Perception includes animal work with implications for human phenomena and explores the following areas: Identification of chemicals producing sensory response; Identification of sensory response associated with chemicals; Human in vivo response to chemical stimuli; Human in vitro response to chemical stimuli; Neuroimaging of chemosensory function; Neurological processing of chemoreception; Chemoreception mechanisms; Psychophysics of chemoperception; Trigeminal function; Multisensory perception; Contextual effect on chemoperception; Behavioral response to chemical stimuli; Physiological factors affecting and contributing to chemoperception; Flavor and hedonics; Memory and chemoperception.
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