“没有人能强迫越南选边站队”:越南是一个自力更生的中间大国

IF 1.3
Asia Policy Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI:10.1353/asp.2022.0061
Phan Xuan Dung
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:本文考察了越南是如何适应美中竞争的,并认为随着越南面临越来越大的内部和外部政策调整压力,其战略可操作性的空间正在缩小。越南正在崛起的中间大国地位恰逢以中国扩张主义为标志的战略环境的转变,中国的扩张主义促使越南与美国关系更加密切。然而,根据越南的历史经验和对政权安全的担忧,越南坚持自力更生和独立的外交政策,确保了河内保持不结盟。因此,在保持发展更紧密的美国关系的自主权的同时,越南在这两个超级大国之间取得了微妙的平衡。越南没有依赖单一的安全保障,而是积极寻求促进基于规则的原则和多边主义,以促进其国家利益,特别是在南中国海和湄公河问题上。然而,外部和内部的事态发展使越南在两个超级大国之间取得平衡的能力变得紧张。政策影响•尽管越南对中国的行为越来越警惕,但由于其坚定的自力更生和独立价值观,越南不太可能与美国结成正式联盟。•越南将继续利用多方向外交来塑造地区安全和经济架构,以平衡中国的影响力,减少越南对中国的依赖。•越南应该在保护国家利益方面表现出更大的灵活性和决心。为此,在不放弃自力更生和独立的外交政策的情况下,越南应该探索新的选择,以推进与它有共同战略利益的其他主要和中等大国的安全合作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
"No One Can Force Vietnam to Choose Sides": Vietnam as a Self-Reliant Middle Power
executive summary:This essay examines how Vietnam is adapting to U.S.-China rivalry and argues that Vietnam's room for strategic maneuverability is diminishing as it faces growing internal and external pressure for policy adjustments.main argument In the past few years, Vietnam has been increasingly labeled as a middle power. Vietnam's emerging middle-power status coincides with a shifting strategic environment marked by China's expansionism that has nudged Vietnam toward closer U.S. relations. However, Vietnam's persistent foreign policy of self-reliance and independence, informed by the country's historical experiences and concerns over regime security, ensures that Hanoi stays nonaligned. Thus, while retaining autonomy in developing closer U.S. ties, Vietnam strikes a delicate balance between the two superpowers. Instead of relying on a single security guarantor, Vietnam has actively sought to promote rules-based principles and multilateralism in advancing its national interests, particularly vis-à-vis the South China Sea and the Mekong River. However, external and internal developments have strained Vietnam's ability to balance between the two superpowers.policy implications • While increasingly wary of China's behavior, Vietnam is unlikely to enter a formal alliance with the U.S. due to its firmly held values of self-reliance and independence.• Vietnam will continue to leverage multidirectional diplomacy to shape regional security and economic architectures in an effort to counterbalance China's influence and reduce Vietnamese dependence on China.• Vietnam should exercise more flexibility and show greater resolve in protecting its national interests. To this end, without abandoning its foreign policy of self-reliance and independence, Vietnam should explore new options to advance security cooperation with other major and middle powers with which it shares strategic interests.
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来源期刊
Asia Policy
Asia Policy Arts and Humanities-History
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
55
期刊介绍: Asia Policy is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal presenting policy-relevant academic research on the Asia-Pacific that draws clear and concise conclusions useful to today’s policymakers.
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