The solution of optimization problems in the economy by overlaying integer lattices: applied aspect

The results of generalization of scientific approaches to the solution of modern economic optimization tasks have shown the need for a new vision of their solution based on the improvement of existing mathematical tools. It is established that the peculiarities of the practical use of existing mathematical tools for solving economic optimization problems are caused by the problems of enterprise management in the presence of nonlinear processes in the economy, which also require consideration of the corresponding characteristics of nonlinear dynamic processes. The approach to solving the problem of integer (discrete) programming associated with the difficulties that arise when applying precise methods (methods of separation and combinatorial methods) is proposed, namely: a fractional Gomorrhic algorithm – for solving entirely integer problems (by gradual "narrowing" areas of admissible solutions of the problem under consideration); the method of branches and borders - which involves replacing the complete overview of all plans by their partial directional over. Illustrative examples of schemes of geometric programming, fractional-linear programming, nonlinear programming with a non-convex region, fractional-nonlinear programming with a non-convex domain, and research on the optimum model of Cobb-Douglas model are given. The advanced mathematical tools on the basis of the method of overlaying integer grids (OIG), which will solve problems of purely discrete, and not only integer optimization, as an individual case, are presented in the context of solving optimization tasks of an applied nature and are more effective at the expense of reducing the complexity and duration of their solving. It is proved that appropriate analytical support should be used as an economic and mathematical tool at the stage of solving tasks of an economic nature, in particular optimization of the parameters of the processes of organization and preparation of production of new products of the enterprises of the real sector of the economy.