Social and demographic problems of labor potential formation in the North Caucasus

The purpose of the article is to study the problems of the economic backwardness of the region from the standpoint of the features of the system of reproduction, formation, distribution and use of labor resources in the North Caucasus. The main directions for improving the system of reproduction of labor resources in the North Caucasus Federal District were identified and a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic and demographic situation was carried out in the context of the three main factors that determine the formation of labor potential in the region. The determining factors of the formation of labor resources considered in the article are the dynamics of population reproduction, the features of the formation of the labor market and the educational environment. The authors present analysis of the demographic and socio-economic situation and their impact on the problems of reproduction of labor resources from various research positions: socio-demographic aspects of formation of the labor force and problems of population aging, the reasons for outflow of the population from the region and their connection with the situation in the labor market, problems of gender asymmetry in the labor market and in the system of higher education, problems of employment and unemployment in the aspect of the development of education of the population. A set of measures is proposed to improve the system of labor resources reproduction in the North Caucasus Federal District (NCFD), the main directions and necessary measures to improve the situation in the development of labor resources and labor potential are outlined. It is concluded that the present problems in the sphere of labor resource reproduction become a barrier to economic development of the North Caucasus and constrain raising the human capital development to a quality level.