拉丁美洲卡利班形象的变化。身份是一个问题

IF 0.1 Q4 ECONOMICS
J. Drews
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引用次数: 0

摘要

阅读卡利班作为拉丁美洲文化的隐喻,对于解决拉丁美洲文化认同问题是强制性的;任何对它感兴趣的读者都会遇到这样的图像,要么接受它们,要么反驳它们。何塞·恩里克·罗多(Jose Enrique Rodo)的《阿里尔》(Ariel)从功利主义和唯物主义的角度综合了卡利班的愿景,探讨了这个人物。另一方面,建议对卡利班进行二读,将其作为一个象征性地表达拉丁美洲主体作为一个被殖民者的形象。在这种情况下,Anibal Ponce(1935)和Roberto Fernandez Retamar(1971/2000)的解释被确定,后者是最能概括这一观点的解释。因此,本文对这场辩论进行了考察,并对这场讨论提出了批评。为此,将避免在这个问题上诉诸拉丁美洲的新传统,例如基于费尔南德斯·雷塔马尔研究的非殖民化立场;相反,我们将把卡利班视为欧洲野蛮人的神话。从这个角度出发,本文试图不以二分法的方式重新思考拉丁美洲身份认同问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Variaciones sobre la figura de Calibán en América Latina. La identidad como problema
Readings on Caliban as a metaphor for Latin American culture are mandatory to address the problem of Latin American cultural identity; any reader interested in it has come up against such images, either to accept them or to refute them. The figure is approached in Jose Enrique Rodo's Ariel, which synthesizes the Caliban vision, from a utilitarian and materialistic perspective. On the other hand, a second reading on Caliban is suggested, as a figure that symbolically expresses the Latin American subject as a colonized man. In this case, the interpretations of Anibal Ponce (1935) and Roberto Fernandez Retamar (1971/2000) are identified, being the latter the one that best summarizes this perspective. Thus, the article offers an examination of this debate and a critique of this discussion is proposed. To do so, resorting to a new Latin American tradition on this problem, such as the decolonial positions based on Fernandez Retamar's studies will be avoided; instead we will deal with Caliban as a myth of the European savage. From this perspective, the article seeks to rethink the problem of Latin American identity not in a dichotomous way.
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