人们一开始会避免极端的判断吗?校准和对比作为评价中序列位置效应的解释

IF 1.2 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Tabea J. Zorn, C. Unkelbach
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在一系列评估中(例如,教师评估学生表现;经理评估求职申请),与一系列评估开始时相比,人们通常在评估结束时做出更极端的判断。串行位置由此表示判断过程的不希望有的污染;业绩不佳的利润和业绩良好的业绩都会受到早期头寸的影响。先前的研究提出了一个动机校准的解释:人们在一开始就保留极端的判断,以避免在整个系列中违反一致性。然而,基于比较的对比效果也可能会在最后产生更极端的评分。三个实验(n=509)测试了早期位置的校准过程和后期位置的对比度效应对整体串行位置效应的贡献。该结果复制了在早期位置避免极端判断的情况,并为基于比较的对比度(实验1-3)和校准影响(实验3)提供了支持。这些数据建议采取不同的干预措施,以减少不必要的连续体位影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Do People Avoid Extreme Judgments in the Beginning? Calibration and Contrast as Explanations of Serial Position Effects in Evaluations
In serial evaluations (e.g., teachers evaluating student performances; managers evaluating job applications), people typically provide more extreme judgments at the end of a series compared to the beginning. Serial positions thereby represent an unwanted contamination of the judgment process; bad performances profit and good performances suffer from early positions. Prior research suggested a motivational calibration explanation: People withhold extreme judgments at the beginning to avoid consistency violations throughout the series. However, more extreme ratings at the end might also follow from comparison-based contrast effects. Three experiments (n = 509) tested the contributions of calibration processes at early positions and contrast effects at later positions to the overall serial position effect. The results replicated the avoidance of extreme judgments at early positions and provided support for comparison-based contrast (Exp. 1-3) and calibration influences (Exp. 3). These data suggest differential interventions to reduce unwanted serial position effects.
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来源期刊
Social Cognition
Social Cognition PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: An excellent resource for researchers as well as students, Social Cognition features reports on empirical research, self-perception, self-concept, social neuroscience, person-memory integration, social schemata, the development of social cognition, and the role of affect in memory and perception. Three broad concerns define the scope of the journal: - The processes underlying the perception, memory, and judgment of social stimuli - The effects of social, cultural, and affective factors on the processing of information The behavioral and interpersonal consequences of cognitive processes.
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