《劳动力创新和机会法》对失明和低视力成年人和青年机构级职业康复结果的影响

IF 1.1 4区医学 Q3 REHABILITATION

Journal of Disability Policy Studies Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI:10.1177/10442073221135811

Michele C. McDonnall, Jennifer L. Cmar, Zhen S. McKnight

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究的目的是评估《劳动力创新与机会法案》（WIOA）对失明或低视力（B/LV）的成年和青年职业康复消费者的结果（竞争性就业率和收入中位数）的影响，并确定影响是否因机构类型而异。我们利用RSA-911数据创建了两个机构级纵向数据集，一个针对青年，一个面向成年人，分别为WIOA前6年和WIOA后3年。使用不连续增长模型对数据进行分析，通过纳入代表WIOA的变量和随后对WIOA的反应变化来评估机构层面结果的纵向变化。在WIOA之后，B/LV消费者的青年和成人机构层面的竞争性就业率都显著下降，对青年的影响更大，收入中位数也有所增加。结果表明，WIOA对各机构的影响差异很大。与合并机构相比，独立机构的B/LV消费者的成人竞争性就业率显著下降，收入中位数显著增加。总体而言，WIOA对B/LV消费者结果的影响似乎充其量是喜忧参半的，而且对年轻人和成年人的影响惊人地相似。

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The Impact of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act on Agency-Level Vocational Rehabilitation Outcomes for Adults and Youth With Blindness and Low Vision

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) on outcomes (competitive employment rates and median earnings) for adult and youth vocational rehabilitation consumers with blindness or low vision (B/LV) and to determine whether impacts differed by agency type. We utilized RSA-911 data to create two agency-level longitudinal datasets, one for youth and one for adults, with 6-year pre-WIOA and 3-year post-WIOA periods. Data were analyzed using discontinuous growth modeling to assess longitudinal changes in agency-level outcomes through the inclusion of variables representing WIOA and subsequent change in response to WIOA. After WIOA, both youth and adult agency-level competitive employment rates decreased significantly for consumers with B/LV, with a larger impact on youth, and median earnings increased. Results document that the impact of WIOA on agencies varied widely. Separate agencies had a significant decrease in adult competitive employment rates for consumers with B/LV and a significant increase in median earnings compared with combined agencies. Overall, the influence of WIOA on B/LV consumer outcomes appears to be mixed at best, and the effect is surprisingly similar for youth and adults.

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来源期刊

Journal of Disability Policy Studies REHABILITATION-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Disability Policy Studies addresses compelling, variable issues in ethics, policy, and law related to individuals with disabilities. A major focus is quantitative and qualitative policy research. Articles have implications in fields such as education, law, sociology, public health, family studies, medicine, social work, and public administration. Occasional special series discuss current problems or areas needing more in-depth research, for example, disability and aging, policy concerning families of children with disabilities, oppression and disability, school violence policies and interventions, and systems change in supporting individuals with disabilities.